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	<updated>2026-04-28T17:33:52Z</updated>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Toyota/Lexus_MGR_Rear_Transaxle_Motor&amp;diff=3988</id>
		<title>Toyota/Lexus MGR Rear Transaxle Motor</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Toyota/Lexus_MGR_Rear_Transaxle_Motor&amp;diff=3988"/>
		<updated>2023-07-10T15:58:19Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: Added part numbers for resolver and temp connections&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Found on numerous Toyota and Lexus models (see list to the left), the MGR (or Motor Generator Rear) is an electric rear differential meant to provide occasional 4WD/AWD to the company&#039;s larger 4WD models.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For conversion/project purposes the MGR is suitable for lighter models given the torque available or could potentially be used front and/or rear, and/or with a secondary motor.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As the motor was designed to be used occasionally as a rear motor,  potential need for additional cooling dependent on the application&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
active forum thread: https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=14&amp;amp;t=190&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
part numbers and there stated output:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Q210-1FM&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;:0&amp;quot;&amp;gt;https://toyota-club.net/files/faq/19-10-10_faq_e-four_4wd_eng.htm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ===&lt;br /&gt;
Power/Torque output: (18 kW / 108 Nm)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gear ratio: 6.311:1 (Estima), 6.859:1 (Alphard)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Layout: 3-shaft&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Capacity - 1.5 l (ATF Type T-IV)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Q211-2FM&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;:0&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; ===&lt;br /&gt;
Peak Power:/Torque output: (50 kW / 130 Mm or 139 Nm)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gear ratio: 6.859:1 (1st stage 23:40, final gear 18:71)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Layout: 3-shaft&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Capacity - 1.8 l (ATF WS)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Module weight - 41.8 kg&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Q510-1MM&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;:0&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; ===&lt;br /&gt;
Peak Power:/Torque output:  (5.0 or 5.3 kW / 55 Nm or 2.2kW/44nm, 201V), induction type&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gear ratio - 10.487:1 (1st stage - 17:39, final gear - 14:64)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Layout: 2-shaft (motor is coaxial with differential)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Capacity - 1.2-1.3 l (ATF WS)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Module weight - 29.2 kg&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Q610-4NM&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;:0&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; ===&lt;br /&gt;
Peak Power:/Torque output:  (40 kW / 120 Nm)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gear ratio - 10.781 (1st stage - 15:41, final gear - 18:71)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Layout: 3-shaft&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Differential  with pre-load spring washers&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Capacity - 1.7 l (ATF WS)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Module weight - 41.1 kg&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
these trans axles can be found on a variety of lexus and toyota vehicles:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Q210:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Alphard ATH10&lt;br /&gt;
* Estima AHR10&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Q211:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Alphard/Vellfire ATH20&lt;br /&gt;
* Alphard/Vellfire AYH30&lt;br /&gt;
* Estima AHR20&lt;br /&gt;
* Harrier MHU38&lt;br /&gt;
* Harrier AVU65&lt;br /&gt;
* Highlander MHU28&lt;br /&gt;
* Highlander MHU48&lt;br /&gt;
* Highlander GVU48&lt;br /&gt;
* Highlander GVU58&lt;br /&gt;
* Kluger MHU28&lt;br /&gt;
* Lexus RX400h MHU38&lt;br /&gt;
* Lexus RX450h GYL15&lt;br /&gt;
* Lexus RX450h GYL25&lt;br /&gt;
* Lexus NX300h AYZ15&lt;br /&gt;
* RAV4 AVA44&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Q510:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Camry AXVH75&lt;br /&gt;
* Corolla ZWE214W&lt;br /&gt;
* Corolla Touring ZWE214W&lt;br /&gt;
* Lexus UX250h MZAH15&lt;br /&gt;
* Prius ZVW55&lt;br /&gt;
* Yaris MXPH15&lt;br /&gt;
* Yaris Cross MXPJ15&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Q610:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* RAV4 AXAH54&lt;br /&gt;
* Highlander AXUH78&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connectors ==&lt;br /&gt;
These are the parts numbers for the resolver and temperature sensor connections. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Resolver: Toyota 90980-11034, Yazaki 7283-7062-40&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Temp sensor: Toyota 90980-11143, Sumitomo TS090 6248-5317&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:OEM]] [[Category:Toyota]] [[Category:Motor]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=I_want_a_cheap_EV_Conversion&amp;diff=3036</id>
		<title>I want a cheap EV Conversion</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=I_want_a_cheap_EV_Conversion&amp;diff=3036"/>
		<updated>2022-12-08T11:59:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[File:Audi A2 Conversion.png|thumb|[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?t=650 Audi A2 with Prius Inverter]]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:VW Bug EV.png|thumb|[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?t=1130 VW Beetle 2003 EV conversion]]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Rule number One ===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Don&#039;t buy a rust bucket.&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; This is the quickest route to making a cheap conversion into an expensive one. Where you&#039;ll spend time and resources on fixing additional parts of the car and are not able to focus time and effort on the actual conversion process. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Components ===&lt;br /&gt;
You will want Integrated components, that fulfill multiple functions in your build at the same time:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- cheap motor &amp;amp; inverter, ideally combined units ([[Toyota Prius Gen2 Inverter]], )&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- cheap batteries, this will be your biggest expense ([[Nissan Leaf BMS]], BMW i3, repurposed hybrid batteries?)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- smaller battery packs can be compensated for by enabling [[Rapid Charging|rapid charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- DC/DC converter; this replaces the alternator to keep the 12v systems running in your car. ([[Mitsubishi Outlander DCDC OBC]] )&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- charger  ( integrated into existing units, such as Nissan Leaf PDM, Mitsubishi Outlander charger &amp;amp; DCDC, Prius Inverter &amp;amp; charger )&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Legalities ===&lt;br /&gt;
If you are on a budget, make sure your locality allows what you are trying to do:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?t=543 UK] [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2379 UK2] [[United Kingdom]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[The Netherlands]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you are looking for a [[I want a powerful ev conversion|performant ev conversion]] check the sister page.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=3035</id>
		<title>Main Page Old</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=3035"/>
		<updated>2022-12-08T11:52:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: just a couple of text tweaks and a typo.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;= Before you begin: =&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Please take the time to read.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You undertake &#039;&#039;&#039;your&#039;&#039;&#039; project at &#039;&#039;&#039;your own risk.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;The information provided on this wiki and the support forums is intended as information only&#039;&#039;&#039;.  The Open Inverter project and contributors to the forums and this wiki take no responsibility for how you use the information on this site, nor any liability for injuries, or death, that may result from your actions.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Developers&#039;s time is best spent developing;&#039;&#039;&#039; &#039;&#039;&#039;Support is best found in the forums&#039;&#039;&#039; - Developers of various projects are often bombarded with private messages and emails. Managing these emails and questions is a extremely large undertaking. Please read, and take the time to understand the information available here and across the web if you don&#039;t understand a topic. Developers are not your personal support team, unless you want to pay them directly for their time.     &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Consider donating to the many developers&#039;&#039;&#039; that have made all this possible and to help keep making things possible: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://www.patreon.com/openinverter www.patreon.com/openinverter], &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
https://www.evbmw.com/, &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/celeron55    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php &#039;&#039;&#039;Always check the forums&#039;&#039;&#039;], new developments and solutions are coming along every day, questions being answered, or perhaps you can answer. we work better as a community sharing our knowledge...    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;...update this wiki.&#039;&#039;&#039; Answers and solutions should find their way here so they don&#039;t remain buried in a 30 page long support thread. To edit the wiki, login with your forum credentials.    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Welcome to the open inverter community&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
= Legalities=&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Legalities|Legalities around conversion projects]]&lt;br /&gt;
Different countries have different legislation, if you want your car to certified for the road in your country please take the time to review this section. It might save you going down the wrong direction and creating something that can never be driven, or incur costs.&lt;br /&gt;
= Introduction =&lt;br /&gt;
The open inverter started as a scratch built inverter and control board led by Johannes Hübner who designed and built his open open source AC motor controller dubbed the &amp;quot;open inverter&amp;quot;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since then, the community has established and documented hardware and software approaches to reuse OEM inverters with the Open control board, and has more recently started on controlling OEM inverters over CAN, a process which doesn&#039;t require replacing any internal parts. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The main goal of the open inverter community is to reverse engineer many of these components for use in a variety of projects such as: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* EV conversion&lt;br /&gt;
* Energy storage&lt;br /&gt;
* Power generation&lt;br /&gt;
* Charging infrastructure&lt;br /&gt;
* etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Open inverter projects now span over many different areas surrounding PEV, HEV, and PHEV components, such as: &lt;br /&gt;
* Motor Controllers&lt;br /&gt;
* 1-3 phase power converters&lt;br /&gt;
* DC/DC converters&lt;br /&gt;
* buck/boost converters&lt;br /&gt;
* Battery Management Systems (BMS)&lt;br /&gt;
* Vehicle integration&lt;br /&gt;
* etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a result, there is a growing collection of open source software and hardware designed for the never ending list of OEM parts.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There&#039;s a variety of methods of repurposing these OEM components. Methods here are generally chosen with future proofing in mind , reducing chances of firmware or software updates from the manufacture &amp;quot;bricking&amp;quot; or blocking the open source control efforts.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
such efforts include:  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mainboard/brain replacement&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Getting started with CAN bus|CANBUS/LINBUS]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[wikipedia:Synchronous_serial_communication|Sync serial]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[wikipedia:FlexRay|FlexRay]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[wikipedia:Pulse-width_modulation|PWM]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Sirmware/software reprogramming&lt;br /&gt;
* etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Resulting in many bespoke boards running the main open inverter software or other open/semi-open source code designed to ether replace OEM motherboards or VCUs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This has lead to a large collection of different boards and software, many with redundant features.  To unify many of these development projects, the community at large is focused on making a set of standard VCUs and replacement control boards which handle the ever growing list of OEM components.    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Many of the VCU and replacement boards consist of these 3 main parts: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Hardware&lt;br /&gt;
!Firmware&lt;br /&gt;
!Web Interface&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|The design and development of the [[Main Board Version 3|control hardware]] based around an STM32F103 chip. This provides the control signals to the power stage and on to the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|The development of the code that goes on the STM32F103 chips and determines, amongst other things what signals are sent to the power stage and the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|Using an ESP8266 chip, the development of a simple [[Web Interface|web based interface]] to adjust the parameters on the firmware chip and to display values returned from the chip, for example motor speed (RPM).&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Getting Started =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Glossary of Terms===&lt;br /&gt;
It is recommended you read the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Glossary of Terms]]&#039;&#039;&#039; before you begin. Often you&#039;ll find TLAs (three letter acronyms) peppered through the support forum and on this wiki, take the time to familiarise yourself with them before hand, remember this exists, or bookmark/favourite it so you can referent back to it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===EV conversions:===&lt;br /&gt;
A few main parts are needed for an EV conversion, such as:&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Motors]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Inverter|Inverter]]&lt;br /&gt;
**(&#039;&#039;&#039;Note:&#039;&#039;&#039; ZombieVerter projects require a matched pair of Inverter and Motor as they would have come out of a vehicle)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Batteries]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Charger|Chargers / Charge Controllers]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:DC/DC|DC/DC Converters]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:HVJB|HV Junction Box]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heaters]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:HVAC|HVAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Brake Assist &lt;br /&gt;
**Vacuum Pumps&lt;br /&gt;
**Electronic Brake Boosters&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Power Steering|Power Steering]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rapid Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Existing information on these items can be found on the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[EV Conversion Parts]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===OEM Parts: ===&lt;br /&gt;
A variety of [[:Category:OEM|OEM]] parts members of the community have reversed engineered for custom use cases:&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:BMW|BMW]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Ford|Ford]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Hyundai|Hyundai]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Isabellenhütte Heusler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Mercedes-Benz|Mercedes-Benz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Mitsubishi|Mitsubishi]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nissan]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Opel|Opel/Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Tesla|Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Toyota|Toyota/Lexus]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:VAG|VAG (VW, Audi, Skoda, Seat, Porsche, ...)]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Volvo|Volvo]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===FAQ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Common Inverter FAQ]] - questions common to all hardware variants&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Tesla Inverter FAQ]] - questions regarding Tesla Large Drive Units and Small Drive Units&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electronics Basics]] - general advice for troubleshooting electronic circuits&lt;br /&gt;
*[[I want a cheap ev conversion|cheap EV conversions]] - this entry point for the penny pinchers&lt;br /&gt;
*[[I want a powerful ev conversion|performant EV conversions]]  - where torque trumps money&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=mechanical design database=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Mechanical design database]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
here you will find measurements, models, files, etc for a variety of components  such as:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*adapter plates&lt;br /&gt;
*motor couplers&lt;br /&gt;
* drive shaft flanges&lt;br /&gt;
*battery mounts&lt;br /&gt;
*etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Open Inverter Projects=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Open Inverter (Core Project/s)===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!Description  / Notes&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ZombieVerter VCU&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ZombieVerter VCU]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Web Interface (ZombieVerter VCU)|Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OEM component compatibility]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Designed around a matched pair of Inverter and Motor taken from the original OEM vehicle the ZombieVerter is there to make those two components believe they are still in the original vehicle and are fed necessary commands to act as if they still are and interpret and responses back from the equipment for feedback (regen / rpm / etc)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Open Inverter Hardware&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hardware Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Schematics and Instructions]] - for the &amp;quot;vanilla&amp;quot; inverter kit.&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mini Mainboard]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 1]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sense Boards]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gate Driver]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sensor Board|Legacy Sensor Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OEM Repurposing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Quite flexible in its application. The Open Inverter can be used to build a custom inverter itself where you supply the high power and high voltage components to create your own inverter, or to be used as the basis to take over control of OEM inverters so that they can drive nearly any attached motor to that inverter.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&#039;&#039;&#039;Open Inverter Software&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Using FOC Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Downloads]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Features]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Battery Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Errors]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[CAN communication]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Parameters]] (Tune your inverter)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Configuration Files]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Software Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Open Inverter Testing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Two of the more important software aspects to master are below.&amp;lt;!-- Just repurposed the can comms and parameters text. didn&#039;t want to get rid, but also perhaps more from the left column could be here? --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CAN communication&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Common across boards is the ability to communicate with a CAN Bus, which is a &#039;control area network&#039; or a technical way of saying how various components, sensors, controls, etc communicate with one another within the car. &#039;&#039;&#039;Read more about [[CAN communication|CAN Communication]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also a project to standardise the messages across the various control boards, [[Introduction CAN STD|read more]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Parameters&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The openinverter firmware uses a set of about 70 parameters to adapt it to different inverter power stages, motors and position feedback systems. Also it lets you calibrate the throttle pedal, change regenerative braking settings and so on. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Parameter definitions can be found here: [[Parameters]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Working parameter sets can be found in the [https://openinverter.org/parameters openinverter parameter database]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Open Inverter Related Projects (Control Boards/VCUs)===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Project&lt;br /&gt;
!Description  / Notes&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Tesla|Tesla Small Drive and Large Drive Units:]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|Commonly there is a large drive unit and small drive unit available from the Model S. &amp;lt;!-- Model 3 options? --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
These combine the inverter and motor into a single package.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The control boards for these replace the existing control board within them. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Lexus GS450h Drivetrain]]:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The GS450h contains a gearbox (where the motors are located).&lt;br /&gt;
Using the [[ZombieVerter VCU]], the inverter and the gearbox itself provide  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a powerful set up suitable for rear wheel drive set ups, replacing the existing longitudinally mounted gearbox.  &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Toyota Prius Gen3 Board|Prius Generation 3 Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A cheap available inverter from the popular Prius hybrid, this&lt;br /&gt;
board goes inside that inverter and allows you to control the features of it.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Auris/Yaris Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|Similar to the Prius board, there&#039;s subtle differences between them&lt;br /&gt;
and therefore the need for a separate board. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Nissan Leaf Gen2 Board]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|Replaces the nissan OEM logic board with a rev 3 openiverter main board&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ford ranger ev board|&#039;&#039;&#039;Ford ranger ev board&#039;&#039;&#039;]]&lt;br /&gt;
|openinverter kit for the ford ranger ev&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |[[OEM Repurposing|&#039;&#039;&#039;All Control Boards / OEM Inverters&#039;&#039;&#039;]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Use inverter as a battery Charger===&lt;br /&gt;
Both the open inverter and some OEM inverters can be used as a battery charger, further saving on component costs. You can read more about how the open inverter and the theory of charging [[Battery Charging|here]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Open Inverter Renewables Projects===&lt;br /&gt;
Recently added to the forums are projects and discussions around turning the Open Inverter project towards capturing, storing and using renewable energy.&amp;lt;!--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you need help with your EV conversion check out my &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;consulting offers&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, if you want to support the project &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;visit the shop&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, become a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Patron&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or send donations to paypal &#039;at&#039; johanneshuebner.com .&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Open Inverter CAN std.=&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Introduction CAN STD|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[CAN table CAN STD|CAN table]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Getting started with CAN bus]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Conversion Projects=&lt;br /&gt;
*[[VW Polo 86C Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Touran Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Audi A2 Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=326&amp;amp;hilit=gt86 toyota gt86 nissan leaf motor]&lt;br /&gt;
*[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=210 Porsche Boxster 986 Tesla conversion]&lt;br /&gt;
*[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewforum.php?f=11 Further Projects on the forum]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=BMW_Hybrid_Battery_Pack&amp;diff=2884</id>
		<title>BMW Hybrid Battery Pack</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=BMW_Hybrid_Battery_Pack&amp;diff=2884"/>
		<updated>2022-10-18T12:44:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: /* Technical Specifications */ Added individual module dimensions to Tech Specs&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;In addition to the &#039;&#039;&#039;BMW 5 Series (G30) 530e&#039;&#039;&#039; the same battery pack can be found in the &#039;&#039;&#039;7 Series (G12) 740e&#039;&#039;&#039; as well as the &#039;&#039;&#039;X Series&#039;&#039;&#039; &#039;&#039;&#039;(F15) X5&#039;&#039;&#039;.  These battery packs consist of six battery modules yielding 351 volts. The same battery modules can be found in the &#039;&#039;&#039;3 Series (F30) 330e&#039;&#039;&#039; but in a smaller form factor made up of only five modules and 293 volts.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Battery Location.jpg|thumb|The battery pack is located under the rear seat.|alt=|none]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== First Gen (-2018) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Electrical Energy Storage System in the 530e as well as the 740e has a code name of SP06 and a capacity of 26 Ah.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Second Gen (2019-present) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The newer SP41 high-voltage battery was installed in the G30 as well as the G12 Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles starting in July of 2019. It has the same basic design as the SP06. The most significant change is the cell capacity increase from 26 Ah to 34 Ah.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Technical Specifications ==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Technical data&lt;br /&gt;
!5 Series G30 PHEV (SP06)&lt;br /&gt;
-2018&lt;br /&gt;
!5 Series G30 PHEV (SP41)&lt;br /&gt;
2019-2022&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Voltage&lt;br /&gt;
|351.4 V (nominal voltage)&lt;br /&gt;
|355 V (nominal voltage)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Voltage Range&lt;br /&gt;
|Min. 269 V – Max. 398 V&lt;br /&gt;
|Min. 269 V – Max. 403 V&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Battery cells&lt;br /&gt;
|Lithium-ion&lt;br /&gt;
|Lithium-ion&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Number of battery cells&lt;br /&gt;
|96 in series&lt;br /&gt;
|96 in series&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Number of cell modules&lt;br /&gt;
|6&lt;br /&gt;
|6&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cell voltage&lt;br /&gt;
|3.66 V&lt;br /&gt;
|3.70 V&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Capacitance&lt;br /&gt;
|26 Ah&lt;br /&gt;
|34 Ah&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Storable amount of energy&lt;br /&gt;
|9.2 kWh&lt;br /&gt;
|12 kWh&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Usable energy&lt;br /&gt;
|7.4 kWh&lt;br /&gt;
|10.4 kWh&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Max. power (discharge)&lt;br /&gt;
|83 kW (short-term)&lt;br /&gt;
|83 kW (short-term)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Maximum power (AC charging)&lt;br /&gt;
|3.7 kW&lt;br /&gt;
|3.7 kW&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Weight&lt;br /&gt;
|248 lbs / 112.5 kg (without retaining brackets)&lt;br /&gt;
|261 lbs / 118.4kg (without retaining brackets)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dimensions&lt;br /&gt;
|541 mm x 1134 mm x 271 mm&lt;br /&gt;
|541 mm x 1134 mm x 271 mm&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cooling system&lt;br /&gt;
|Refrigerant R1234yf&lt;br /&gt;
|Refrigerant R1234yf&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Individual Module Dimensions&lt;br /&gt;
|364*183*110mm (L/W/H) without BMS attached&lt;br /&gt;
(add c. 25mm to length or height of module for BMS)&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Battery Management System, BMS ==&lt;br /&gt;
There is a SimpBMS version available on GitHub called &#039;&#039;&#039;BMWPhevBMS&#039;&#039;&#039; https://github.com/Tom-evnut/BMWPhevBMS created by Tome de Bree.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Part Numbers&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Forum Reference: https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=20&amp;amp;t=709&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ==&lt;br /&gt;
and here&#039;s how the six cell modules are connected together with the high voltage orange wires&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:High Voltage Cables.jpg|thumb|High Voltage Cables|alt=|none]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;1 Part Number: 61278621016 Main Negative (runs from Cell Module #1 to the Safety Box #8 front connector)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;2 Part Number: 61278621017 Connects Cell Module #2 to Cell Module #3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;3 Part Number: 61278621018 Connects Cell Module #3 to Cell Module #4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;4 Part Number:61278621019 Connects Cell Module #4 to Cell Module #5&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;? Part Number:??????????? Connects Cell Module #5 to Cell Module #6&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;5 Part Number: 61278621020 Main Positive (runs from Cell Module #6 to the Safety Box #7 front connector)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;6 Part Number: 61278618444 Connects Cell Module #1 to Cell Module #2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;===========================================================&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;7 Part Number: 61278650791 External Connector Positive&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;8 Part Number: 61278650793 External Connector Negative&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Pinout - Main battery connector ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Pin assignments at plug connector A332*1B ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Pin&lt;br /&gt;
!Type&lt;br /&gt;
!Description /Signal type&lt;br /&gt;
!Connection /Measuring information&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|1&lt;br /&gt;
|E&lt;br /&gt;
|Supply, terminal 30&lt;br /&gt;
|Power distribution box, rear&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|2&lt;br /&gt;
|E&lt;br /&gt;
|High-voltage interlock loop signal&lt;br /&gt;
|Electric-machine electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|3&lt;br /&gt;
|E&lt;br /&gt;
|Terminal 30c signal&lt;br /&gt;
|Connector, terminal 30C&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|4&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|5&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|6&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|Yellow/Green wire inside battery - Use unknown&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|7&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|8&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|9&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|10&lt;br /&gt;
|A&lt;br /&gt;
|Supply&lt;br /&gt;
|Refrigerant shutoff valve, high-voltage battery unit&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|11&lt;br /&gt;
|A&lt;br /&gt;
|Activation&lt;br /&gt;
|Refrigerant shutoff valve, high-voltage battery unit&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|12&lt;br /&gt;
|M&lt;br /&gt;
|Ground&lt;br /&gt;
|Ground point&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|13&lt;br /&gt;
|E/A&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN bus signal L&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN5 bus connection&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|14&lt;br /&gt;
|E/A&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN bus signal H&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN5 bus connection&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|15&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN bus signal L&lt;br /&gt;
|Put a 120Ohm resistor across these to terminate pack&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|16&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN bus signal H&lt;br /&gt;
|Put a 120Ohm resistor across these to terminate pack&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|17&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|18&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|19&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|20&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|21&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|22&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|23&lt;br /&gt;
|E&lt;br /&gt;
|High-voltage interlock loop signal&lt;br /&gt;
|High-voltage safety connector&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|24&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Temperature Sensors ===&lt;br /&gt;
The temperature sensors used in the hybrid battery packs are NTC 100k/4.4 and 10k/3.4 &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Forum Reference: https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?p=36640#p36640&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:OEM]] [[Category:BMW]] [[Category:Battery]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=2873</id>
		<title>Main Page Old</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=2873"/>
		<updated>2022-10-13T16:10:47Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: tidied up the heading/sub headings, added a space for renewable projects&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;= Before you begin: =&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Please take the time to read.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You undertake &#039;&#039;&#039;your&#039;&#039;&#039; project at &#039;&#039;&#039;your own risk.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;The information provided on this wiki and the support forums is intended as information only&#039;&#039;&#039;.  The Open Inverter project and its contributors take no responsibility for how you use the information contained within these pages, nor any liability for injuries, or death, that may result from your actions.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Developers&#039;s time is best spent developing;&#039;&#039;&#039; &#039;&#039;&#039;Support is best found in the forums&#039;&#039;&#039; - Developers of various projects are often bombarded with private messages and emails. Managing these emails and questions is a extremely large undertaking. Please read, and take the time to understand the information available here and across the web if you don&#039;t understand a topic. Developers are not your personal support team, unless you want to pay them directly for their time.     &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Consider donating to the many developers&#039;&#039;&#039; that have made all this possible and to help keep making things possible: [https://www.patreon.com/openinverter www.patreon.com/openinverter], https://www.evbmw.com/, https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/celeron55    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php &#039;&#039;&#039;Always check the forums&#039;&#039;&#039;], new developments and solutions are coming along every day, questions being answered, or perhaps you can answer. we work better as a community sharing our knowledge...    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;...update this wiki.&#039;&#039;&#039; Answers and solutions should find their way here so they don&#039;t remain buried in a 30 page long support thread. To edit the wiki, login with your forum credentials.    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Welcome to the open inverter community&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
= Legalities=&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Legalities|Legalities around conversion projects]]&lt;br /&gt;
Different countries have different legislation, if you want you car to certified for the road in your country please take the time to review this section. It might save you going down the wrong direction and creating something that can never be driven, or incur costs.&lt;br /&gt;
= Introduction =&lt;br /&gt;
The open inverter project originates from Johannes Hübner designing/building his own open source AC motor controller, dubbed the &amp;quot;open inverter&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With the rising popularity/availability of hybrid and electric vehicles, there is a growing supply of high quality and relatively inexpensive parts from auto-wreckers.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The main goal of the open inverter community is to reverse engineer many of these components for use in a variety of projects such as:  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* EV conversion&lt;br /&gt;
* Energy storage&lt;br /&gt;
* Power generation&lt;br /&gt;
* Charging infrastructure&lt;br /&gt;
* etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Open inverter projects now span over many different areas surrounding PEV, HEV, and PHEV components, such as: &lt;br /&gt;
* Motor Controllers&lt;br /&gt;
* 1-3 phase power converters&lt;br /&gt;
* DC/DC converters&lt;br /&gt;
* buck/boost converters&lt;br /&gt;
* Battery Management Systems (BMS)&lt;br /&gt;
* Vehicle integration&lt;br /&gt;
* etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a result, there is a growing collection of open source software and hardware designed for the never ending list of OEM parts.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There&#039;s a variety of methods of repurposing these OEM components. Methods here are generally chosen with future proofing in mind , reducing chances of firmware or software updates from the manufacture &amp;quot;bricking&amp;quot; or blocking the open source control efforts.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
such efforts include:  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mainboard/brain replacement&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Getting started with CAN bus|CANBUS/LINBUS]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[wikipedia:Synchronous_serial_communication|Sync serial]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[wikipedia:FlexRay|FlexRay]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[wikipedia:Pulse-width_modulation|PWM]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Sirmware/software reprogramming&lt;br /&gt;
* etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Resulting in many bespoke boards running the main open inverter software or other open/semi-open source code designed to ether replace OEM motherboards or VCUs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This has lead to a large collection of different boards and software, many with redundant features.  To unify many of these development projects, the community at large is focused on making a set of standard VCUs and replacement control boards which handle the ever growing list of OEM components.    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Many of the VCU and replacement boards consist of these 3 main parts: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Hardware&lt;br /&gt;
!Firmware&lt;br /&gt;
!Web Interface&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|The design and development of the [[Main Board Version 3|control hardware]] based around an STM32F103 chip. This provides the control signals to the power stage and on to the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|The development of the code that goes on the STM32F103 chips and determines, amongst other things what signals are sent to the power stage and the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|Using an ESP8266 chip, the development of a simple [[Web Interface|web based interface]] to adjust the parameters on the firmware chip and to display values returned from the chip, for example motor speed (RPM).&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Getting Started =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Glossary of Terms===&lt;br /&gt;
It is recommended you read the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Glossary of Terms]]&#039;&#039;&#039; before you begin. Often you&#039;ll find TLAs (three letter acronyms) peppered through the support forum and on this wiki, take the time to familiarise yourself with them before hand, remember this exists, or bookmark/favourite it so you can referent back to it/&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===EV conversions:===&lt;br /&gt;
A few main parts are needed for an EV conversion, such as:&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Motors]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Inverter|Inverter]]&lt;br /&gt;
**(&#039;&#039;&#039;Note:&#039;&#039;&#039; ZombieVerter projects require a matched pair of Inverter and Motor as they would have come out of a vehicle)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Batteries]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Charger|Chargers / Charge Controllers]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:DC/DC|DC/DC Converters]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:HVJB|HV Junction Box]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heaters]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:HVAC|HVAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Brake Assist &lt;br /&gt;
**Vacuum Pumps&lt;br /&gt;
**Electronic Brake Boosters&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Power Steering|Power Steering]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rapid Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Existing information on these items can be found on the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[EV Conversion Parts]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===OEM Parts: ===&lt;br /&gt;
A variety of [[:Category:OEM|OEM]] parts members of the community have reversed engineered for custom use cases:&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:BMW|BMW]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Ford|Ford]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Hyundai|Hyundai]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Isabellenhütte Heusler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Mercedes-Benz|Mercedes-Benz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Mitsubishi|Mitsubishi]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nissan]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Opel|Opel/Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Tesla|Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Toyota|Toyota/Lexus]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:VAG|VAG (VW, Audi, Skoda, Seat, Porsche, ...)]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===FAQ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Common Inverter FAQ]] - questions common to all hardware variants&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Tesla Inverter FAQ]] - questions regarding Tesla Large Drive Units and Small Drive Units&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==[[mechanical design database]]==&lt;br /&gt;
Designs for:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*adapter plates&lt;br /&gt;
*motor couplers&lt;br /&gt;
*drive shaft flanges&lt;br /&gt;
*battery mounts&lt;br /&gt;
*etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Open Inverter Projects=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Open Inverter (Core Project/s)===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!Description  / Notes&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ZombieVerter VCU&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ZombieVerter VCU]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Web Interface (ZombieVerter VCU)|Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OEM component compatibility]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Designed around a matched pair of Inverter and Motor taken from the original OEM vehicle the ZombieVerter is there to make those two components believe they are still in the original vehicle and are fed necessary commands to act as if they still are and interpret and responses back from the equipment for feedback (regen / rpm / etc)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Open Inverter Hardware&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hardware Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Schematics and Instructions]] - for the &amp;quot;vanilla&amp;quot; inverter kit.&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mini Mainboard]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 1]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sense Boards]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gate Driver]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sensor Board|Legacy Sensor Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OEM Repurposing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Quite flexible in its application. The Open Inverter can be used to build a custom inverter itself where you supply the high power and high voltage components to create your own inverter, or to be used as the basis to take over control of OEM inverters so that they can drive nearly any attached motor to that inverter.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&#039;&#039;&#039;Open Inverter Software&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Using FOC Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Downloads]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Features]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Battery Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Errors]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[CAN communication]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Parameters]] (Tune your inverter)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Configuration Files]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Software Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Open Inverter Testing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Two of the more important software aspects to master are below.&amp;lt;!-- Just repurposed the can comms and parameters text. didn&#039;t want to get rid, but also perhaps more from the left column could be here? --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CAN communication&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Common across boards is the ability to communicate with a CAN Bus, which is a &#039;control area network&#039; or a technical way of saying how various components, sensors, controls, etc communicate with one another within the car. &#039;&#039;&#039;Read more about [[CAN communication|CAN Communication]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also a project to standardise the messages across the various control boards, [[Introduction CAN STD|read more]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Parameters&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The openinverter firmware uses a set of about 70 parameters to adapt it to different inverter power stages, motors and position feedback systems. Also it lets you calibrate the throttle pedal, change regenerative braking settings and so on. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Parameter definitions can be found here: [[Parameters]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Working parameter sets can be found in the [https://openinverter.org/parameters openinverter parameter database]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Open Inverter Related Projects (Control Boards/VCUs)===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Project&lt;br /&gt;
!Description  / Notes&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Tesla|Tesla Small Drive and Large Drive Units:]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
| Commonly there is a large drive unit and small drive unit available from the Model S. &amp;lt;!-- Model 3 options? --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
These combine the inverter and motor into a single package.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The control boards for these replace the existing control board within them. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Lexus GS450h Drivetrain]]:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The GS450h contains a gearbox (where the motors are located).&lt;br /&gt;
Using the [[ZombieVerter VCU]], the inverter and the gearbox itself provide  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a powerful set up suitable for rear wheel drive set ups, replacing the existing longitudinally mounted gearbox.  &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Toyota Prius Gen3 Board|Prius Generation 3 Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A cheap available inverter from the popular Prius hybrid, this&lt;br /&gt;
board goes inside that inverter and allows you to control the features of it.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Auris/Yaris Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|Similar to the Prius board, there&#039;s subtle differences between them&lt;br /&gt;
and therefore the need for a separate board. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Nissan Leaf Gen2 Board]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|Replaces the nissan OEM logic board with a rev 3 openiverter main board&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ford ranger ev board|&#039;&#039;&#039;Ford ranger ev board&#039;&#039;&#039;]]&lt;br /&gt;
|openinverter kit for the ford ranger ev&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |[[OEM Repurposing|&#039;&#039;&#039;All Control Boards / OEM Inverters&#039;&#039;&#039;]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Use inverter as a battery Charger===&lt;br /&gt;
Both the open inverter and some OEM inverters can be used as a battery charger, further saving on component costs. You can read more about how the open inverter and the theory of charging [[Battery Charging|here]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Open Inverter Renewables Projects ===&lt;br /&gt;
Recently added to the forums are projects and discussions around turning the Open Inverter project towards capturing, storing and using renewable energy.&amp;lt;!--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you need help with your EV conversion check out my &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;consulting offers&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, if you want to support the project &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;visit the shop&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, become a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Patron&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or send donations to paypal &#039;at&#039; johanneshuebner.com .&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Open Inverter CAN std.=&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Introduction CAN STD|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[CAN table CAN STD|CAN table]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Getting started with CAN bus]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Conversion Projects=&lt;br /&gt;
*[[VW Polo 86C Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Touran Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Audi A2 Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=326&amp;amp;hilit=gt86 toyota gt86 nissan leaf motor]&lt;br /&gt;
*[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=210 Porsche Boxster 986 Tesla conversion]&lt;br /&gt;
*[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewforum.php?f=11 Further Projects on the forum]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=2872</id>
		<title>Main Page Old</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=2872"/>
		<updated>2022-10-13T16:04:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: Split out the Open Inverter projects to their own tables/areas. Tesla project could do with some Model 3 info on or. Does ZombieVerter need splitting out further from OI Project table? Fixed a typo. Added a note around Motor and Inverter about ZomberVerter needing a matching pair.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;= Before you begin: =&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Please take the time to read.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You undertake &#039;&#039;&#039;your&#039;&#039;&#039; project at &#039;&#039;&#039;your own risk.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;The information provided on this wiki and the support forums is intended as information only&#039;&#039;&#039;.  The Open Inverter project and its contributors take no responsibility for how you use the information contained within these pages, nor any liability for injuries, or death, that may result from your actions.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Developers&#039;s time is best spent developing;&#039;&#039;&#039; &#039;&#039;&#039;Support is best found in the forums&#039;&#039;&#039; - Developers of various projects are often bombarded with private messages and emails. Managing these emails and questions is a extremely large undertaking. Please read, and take the time to understand the information available here and across the web if you don&#039;t understand a topic. Developers are not your personal support team, unless you want to pay them directly for their time.     &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Consider donating to the many developers&#039;&#039;&#039; that have made all this possible and to help keep making things possible: [https://www.patreon.com/openinverter www.patreon.com/openinverter], https://www.evbmw.com/, https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/celeron55    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php &#039;&#039;&#039;Always check the forums&#039;&#039;&#039;], new developments and solutions are coming along every day, questions being answered, or perhaps you can answer. we work better as a community sharing our knowledge...    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;...update this wiki.&#039;&#039;&#039; Answers and solutions should find their way here so they don&#039;t remain buried in a 30 page long support thread. To edit the wiki, login with your forum credentials.    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Welcome to the open inverter community&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
= Legalities=&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Legalities|Legalities around conversion projects]]&lt;br /&gt;
Different countries have different legislation, if you want you car to certified for the road in your country please take the time to review this section. It might save you going down the wrong direction and creating something that can never be driven, or incur costs.&lt;br /&gt;
= Introduction =&lt;br /&gt;
The open inverter project originates from Johannes Hübner designing/building his own open source AC motor controller, dubbed the &amp;quot;open inverter&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With the rising popularity/availability of hybrid and electric vehicles, there is a growing supply of high quality and relatively inexpensive parts from auto-wreckers.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The main goal of the open inverter community is to reverse engineer many of these components for use in a variety of projects such as:  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* EV conversion&lt;br /&gt;
* Energy storage&lt;br /&gt;
* Power generation&lt;br /&gt;
* Charging infrastructure&lt;br /&gt;
* etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Open inverter projects now span over many different areas surrounding PEV, HEV, and PHEV components, such as: &lt;br /&gt;
* Motor Controllers&lt;br /&gt;
* 1-3 phase power converters&lt;br /&gt;
* DC/DC converters&lt;br /&gt;
* buck/boost converters&lt;br /&gt;
* Battery Management Systems (BMS)&lt;br /&gt;
* Vehicle integration&lt;br /&gt;
* etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a result, there is a growing collection of open source software and hardware designed for the never ending list of OEM parts.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There&#039;s a variety of methods of repurposing these OEM components. Methods here are generally chosen with future proofing in mind , reducing chances of firmware or software updates from the manufacture &amp;quot;bricking&amp;quot; or blocking the open source control efforts.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
such efforts include:  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mainboard/brain replacement&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Getting started with CAN bus|CANBUS/LINBUS]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[wikipedia:Synchronous_serial_communication|Sync serial]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[wikipedia:FlexRay|FlexRay]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[wikipedia:Pulse-width_modulation|PWM]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Sirmware/software reprogramming&lt;br /&gt;
* etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Resulting in many bespoke boards running the main open inverter software or other open/semi-open source code designed to ether replace OEM motherboards or VCUs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This has lead to a large collection of different boards and software, many with redundant features.  To unify many of these development projects, the community at large is focused on making a set of standard VCUs and replacement control boards which handle the ever growing list of OEM components.    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Many of the VCU and replacement boards consist of these 3 main parts: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Hardware&lt;br /&gt;
!Firmware&lt;br /&gt;
!Web Interface&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|The design and development of the [[Main Board Version 3|control hardware]] based around an STM32F103 chip. This provides the control signals to the power stage and on to the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|The development of the code that goes on the STM32F103 chips and determines, amongst other things what signals are sent to the power stage and the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|Using an ESP8266 chip, the development of a simple [[Web Interface|web based interface]] to adjust the parameters on the firmware chip and to display values returned from the chip, for example motor speed (RPM).&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Getting Started =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===&#039;&#039;&#039;Glossary of Terms&#039;&#039;&#039;===&lt;br /&gt;
It is recommended you read the &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Glossary of Terms]]&#039;&#039;&#039; before you begin. Often you&#039;ll find TLAs (three letter acronyms) peppered through the support forum and on this wiki, take the time to familiarise yourself with them before hand, remember this exists, or bookmark/favourite it so you can referent back to it/&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== EV conversions: ===&lt;br /&gt;
A few main parts are needed for an EV conversion, such as:&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Motors]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Inverter|Inverter]]&lt;br /&gt;
**(&#039;&#039;&#039;Note:&#039;&#039;&#039; ZombieVerter projects require a matched pair of Inverter and Motor as they would have come out of a vehicle)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Batteries]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Charger|Chargers / Charge Controllers]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:DC/DC|DC/DC Converters]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:HVJB|HV Junction Box]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heaters]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:HVAC|HVAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Brake Assist &lt;br /&gt;
**Vacuum Pumps&lt;br /&gt;
**Electronic Brake Boosters&lt;br /&gt;
* [[:Category:Power Steering|Power Steering]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Rapid Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Existing information on these items can be found on the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[EV Conversion Parts]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===OEM Parts:===&lt;br /&gt;
A variety of [[:Category:OEM|OEM]] parts members of the community have reversed engineered for custom use cases:&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:BMW|BMW]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Ford|Ford]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Hyundai|Hyundai]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Isabellenhütte Heusler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Mercedes-Benz|Mercedes-Benz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Mitsubishi|Mitsubishi]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nissan]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Opel|Opel/Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Tesla|Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Toyota|Toyota/Lexus]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:VAG|VAG (VW, Audi, Skoda, Seat, Porsche, ...)]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===FAQ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Common Inverter FAQ]] - questions common to all hardware variants&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Tesla Inverter FAQ]] - questions regarding Tesla Large Drive Units and Small Drive Units&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==[[mechanical design database]]==&lt;br /&gt;
Designs for:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*adapter plates&lt;br /&gt;
*motor couplers&lt;br /&gt;
*drive shaft flanges&lt;br /&gt;
*battery mounts&lt;br /&gt;
*etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter Projects =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Open Inverter (Core Project/s) ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!Description  / Notes&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ZombieVerter VCU&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ZombieVerter VCU]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Web Interface (ZombieVerter VCU)|Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OEM component compatibility]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Designed around a matched pair of Inverter and Motor taken from the original OEM vehicle the ZombieVerter is there to make those two components believe they are still in the original vehicle and are fed necessary commands to act as if they still are and interpret and responses back from the equipment for feedback (regen / rpm / etc)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Open Inverter Hardware&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hardware Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Schematics and Instructions]] - for the &amp;quot;vanilla&amp;quot; inverter kit.&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mini Mainboard]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 1]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sense Boards]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gate Driver]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sensor Board|Legacy Sensor Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OEM Repurposing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Quite flexible in its application. The Open Inverter can be used to build a custom inverter itself where you supply the high power and high voltage components to create your own inverter, or to be used as the basis to take over control of OEM inverters so that they can drive nearly any attached motor to that inverter.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&#039;&#039;&#039;Open Inverter Software&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Using FOC Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Downloads]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Features]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Battery Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Errors]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[CAN communication]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Parameters]] (Tune your inverter)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Configuration Files]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Software Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Open Inverter Testing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Two of the more important software aspects to master are below.&amp;lt;!-- Just repurposed the can comms and parameters text. didn&#039;t want to get rid, but also perhaps more from the left column could be here? --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
======CAN communication======&lt;br /&gt;
Common across boards is the ability to communicate with a CAN Bus, which is a &#039;control area network&#039; or a technical way of saying how various components, sensors, controls, etc communicate with one another within the car. &#039;&#039;&#039;Read more about [[CAN communication|CAN Communication]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also a project to standardise the messages across the various control boards, [[Introduction CAN STD|read more]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
====Parameters====&lt;br /&gt;
The openinverter firmware uses a set of about 70 parameters to adapt it to different inverter power stages, motors and position feedback systems. Also it lets you calibrate the throttle pedal, change regenerative braking settings and so on. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Parameter definitions can be found here: [[Parameters]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Working parameter sets can be found in the [https://openinverter.org/parameters openinverter parameter database]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Open Inverter Related Projects (Control Boards/VCUs) ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Tesla|Tesla Small Drive and Large Drive Units:]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|Commonly there is a large drive unit and small drive unit available from the Model S. &amp;lt;!-- Model 3 options? --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
These combine the inverter and motor into a single package.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The control boards for these replace the existing control board within them. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Lexus GS450h Drivetrain]]:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The GS450h contains a gearbox (where the motors are located).&lt;br /&gt;
Using the [[ZombieVerter VCU]], the inverter and the gearbox itself provide  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a powerful set up suitable for rear wheel drive set ups, replacing the existing longitudinally mounted gearbox.  &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Toyota Prius Gen3 Board|Prius Generation 3 Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A cheap available inverter from the popular Prius hybrid, this&lt;br /&gt;
board goes inside that inverter and allows you to control the features of it.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Auris/Yaris Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|Similar to the Prius board, there&#039;s subtle differences between them&lt;br /&gt;
and therefore the need for a separate board. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Nissan Leaf Gen2 Board]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|Replaces the nissan OEM logic board with a rev 3 openiverter main board&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ford ranger ev board|&#039;&#039;&#039;Ford ranger ev board&#039;&#039;&#039;]]&lt;br /&gt;
|openinverter kit for the ford ranger ev&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |[[OEM Repurposing|&#039;&#039;&#039;All Control Boards / OEM Inverters&#039;&#039;&#039;]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Use inverter as a battery Charger===&lt;br /&gt;
Both the open inverter and some OEM inverters can be used as a battery charger, further saving on component costs. You can read more about how the open inverter and the theory of charging [[Battery Charging|here]].&amp;lt;!--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you need help with your EV conversion check out my &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;consulting offers&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, if you want to support the project &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;visit the shop&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, become a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Patron&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or send donations to paypal &#039;at&#039; johanneshuebner.com .&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter CAN std.=&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Introduction CAN STD|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[CAN table CAN STD|CAN table]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Getting started with CAN bus]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Conversion Projects=&lt;br /&gt;
*[[VW Polo 86C Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Touran Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Audi A2 Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=326&amp;amp;hilit=gt86 toyota gt86 nissan leaf motor]&lt;br /&gt;
*[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=210 Porsche Boxster 986 Tesla conversion]&lt;br /&gt;
*[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewforum.php?f=11 Further Projects on the forum]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=2871</id>
		<title>Main Page Old</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=2871"/>
		<updated>2022-10-13T08:30:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: Reworded the opening paragraph and reordered. Moved legalities closer to the top as can be a significant blocker. couple of typos.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;= Before you begin: =&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Please take the time to read.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You undertake &#039;&#039;&#039;your&#039;&#039;&#039; project at &#039;&#039;&#039;your own risk.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;The information provided on this wiki and the support forums is intended as information only&#039;&#039;&#039;.  The Open Inverter project and its contributors take no responsibility for how you use the information contained within these pages, nor any liability for injuries, or death, that may result from your actions.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Developers&#039;s time is best spent developing;&#039;&#039;&#039; &#039;&#039;&#039;Support is best found in the forums&#039;&#039;&#039; - Developers of various projects are often bombarded with private messages and emails. Managing these emails and questions is a extremely large undertaking. Please read, and take the time to understand the information available here and across the web if you don&#039;t understand a topic. Developers are not your personal support team, unless you want to pay them directly for their time.     &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Consider donating to the many developers&#039;&#039;&#039; that have made all this possible and to help keep making things possible: [https://www.patreon.com/openinverter www.patreon.com/openinverter], https://www.evbmw.com/, https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/celeron55    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php &#039;&#039;&#039;Always check the forums&#039;&#039;&#039;], new developments and solutions are coming along every day, questions being answered, or perhaps you can answer. we work better as a community sharing our knowledge...    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;...update this wiki.&#039;&#039;&#039; Answers and solutions should find their way here so they don&#039;t remain buried in a 30 page long support thread. To edit the wiki, login with your forum credentials.    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Welcome to the open inverter community&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
= Legalities=&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Legalities|Legalities around conversion projects]]&lt;br /&gt;
Different countries have different legislation, if you want you car to certified for the road in your country please take the time to review this section. It might save you going down the wrong direction and creating something that can never be driven, or incur costs.&lt;br /&gt;
= Introduction =&lt;br /&gt;
The open inverter project originates from Johannes Hübner designing/building his own open source AC motor controller, dubbed the &amp;quot;open inverter&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With the rising popularity/availability of hybrid and electric vehicles, there is a growing supply of high quality and relatively inexpensive parts from auto-wreckers.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The main goal of the open inverter community is to reverse engineer many of these components for use in a variety of projects such as:  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* EV conversion&lt;br /&gt;
* Energy storage&lt;br /&gt;
* Power generation&lt;br /&gt;
* Charging infrastructure&lt;br /&gt;
* etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Open inverter projects now span over many different areas surrounding PEV, HEV, and PHEV components, such as: &lt;br /&gt;
* Motor Controllers&lt;br /&gt;
* 1-3 phase power converters&lt;br /&gt;
* DC/DC converters&lt;br /&gt;
* buck/boost converters&lt;br /&gt;
* Battery Management Systems (BMS)&lt;br /&gt;
* Vehicle integration&lt;br /&gt;
* etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a result, there is a growing collection of open source software and hardware designed for the never ending list of OEM parts.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There&#039;s a variety of methods of repurposing these OEM components. Methods here are generally chosen with future proofing in mind , reducing chances of firmware or software updates from the manufacture &amp;quot;bricking&amp;quot; or blocking the open source control efforts.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
such efforts include:  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mainboard/brain replacement&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Getting started with CAN bus|CANBUS/LINBUS]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[wikipedia:Synchronous_serial_communication|Sync serial]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[wikipedia:FlexRay|FlexRay]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[wikipedia:Pulse-width_modulation|PWM]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Sirmware/software reprogramming&lt;br /&gt;
* etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Resulting in many bespoke boards running the main open inverter software or other open/semi-open source code designed to ether replace OEM motherboards or VCUs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This has lead to a large collection of different boards and software, many with redundant features.  To unify many of these development projects, the community at large is focused on making a set of standard VCUs and replacement control boards which handle the ever growing list of OEM components.    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Many of the VCU and replacement boards consist of these 3 main parts: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Hardware&lt;br /&gt;
!Firmware&lt;br /&gt;
!Web Interface&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|The design and development of the [[Main Board Version 3|control hardware]] based around an STM32F103 chip. This provides the control signals to the power stage and on to the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|The development of the code that goes on the STM32F103 chips and determines, amongst other things what signals are sent to the power stage and the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|Using an ESP8266 chip, the development of a simple [[Web Interface|web based interface]] to adjust the parameters on the firmware chip and to display values returned from the chip, for example motor speed (RPM).&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Getting Started =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== It is r&#039;&#039;&#039;ecommend reading the [[Glossary of Terms]]  before continuing further.&#039;&#039;&#039;===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== EV conversions: ===&lt;br /&gt;
A few main parts are needed for an EV conversion, such as:&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Motors]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Inverter|Inverter]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Batteries]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Charger|Chargers / Charge Controllers]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:DC/DC|DC/DC Converters]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:HVJB|HV Junction Box]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heaters]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:HVAC|HVAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Brake Assist &lt;br /&gt;
**Vacuum Pumps&lt;br /&gt;
**Electronic Brake Boosters&lt;br /&gt;
* [[:Category:Power Steering|Power Steering]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Rapid Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Existing information on these items can be found on the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[EV Conversion Parts]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===OEM Parts:===&lt;br /&gt;
A variety of [[:Category:OEM|OEM]] parts members of the community have reversed engineered for custom use cases:&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:BMW|BMW]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Ford|Ford]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Hyundai|Hyundai]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Isabellenhütte Heusler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Mercedes-Benz|Mercedes-Benz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Mitsubishi|Mitsubishi]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nissan]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Opel|Opel/Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Tesla|Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Toyota|Toyota/Lexus]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:VAG|VAG (VW, Audi, Skoda, Seat, Porsche, ...)]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===FAQ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Common Inverter FAQ]] - questions common to all hardware variants&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Tesla Inverter FAQ]] - questions regarding Tesla Large Drive Units and Small Drive Units&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==[[mechanical design database]]==&lt;br /&gt;
Designs for:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*adapter plates&lt;br /&gt;
*motor couplers&lt;br /&gt;
*drive shaft flanges&lt;br /&gt;
*battery mounts&lt;br /&gt;
*etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
====Open Inverter (Core Project/s) ====&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
! &lt;br /&gt;
====Open Inverter Related Projects (Control Boards/VCUs)====&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;core universal hardware and software components&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;8&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ZombieVerter VCU&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ZombieVerter VCU]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Web Interface (ZombieVerter VCU)|Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OEM component compatibility]]&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Tesla|Tesla Small Drive and Large Drive Units:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
commonly there is a large drive unit and small drive unit available.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These combine the inverter and motor into a single package.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The control boards for these replace the existing control board within them. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
======Open Inverter Hardware======&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hardware Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Schematics and Instructions]] - for the &amp;quot;vanilla&amp;quot; inverter kit.&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mini Mainboard]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 1]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sense Boards]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gate Driver]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sensor Board|Legacy Sensor Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OEM Repurposing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Lexus GS450h Drivetrain]]:&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
The GS450h contains a gearbox (where the motors are located).  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Using the [[ZombieVerter VCU]], the inverter and the gearbox itself provide  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a powerful set up suitable for rear wheel drive set ups,  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
replacing the existing longitudinally mounted gearbox. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Toyota Prius Gen3 Board|Prius Generation 3 Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
a cheap available inverter from the popular Prius hybrid, this &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
board goes inside that inverter and allows you to control the features of it.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;4&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
======&#039;&#039;&#039;Open Inverter Software&#039;&#039;&#039;======&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Using FOC Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Downloads]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Features]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Battery Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Errors]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[CAN communication]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Parameters]] (Tune your inverter)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Configuration Files]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Software Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Open Inverter Testing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Auris/Yaris Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
similar to the Prius board, there&#039;s subtle differences between them  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
and therefore the need for a separate board. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Nissan Leaf Gen2 Board]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
replaces the nissan OEM logic board with a rev 3 openiverter main board &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ford ranger ev board|&#039;&#039;&#039;Ford ranger ev board&#039;&#039;&#039;]]&lt;br /&gt;
openinverter kit for the ford ranger ev &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[[OEM Repurposing|All Control Boards / OEM Inverters]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; | &lt;br /&gt;
======CAN communication======&lt;br /&gt;
Common across boards is the ability to communicate with a CAN Bus, which is a &#039;control area network&#039; or a technical way of saying how various components, sensors, controls, etc communicate with one another within the car. &#039;&#039;&#039;Read more about [[CAN communication|CAN Communication]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also a project to standardise the messages across the various control boards, [[Introduction CAN STD|read more]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====Parameters====&lt;br /&gt;
The openinverter firmware uses a set of about 70 parameters to adapt it to different inverter power stages, motors and position feedback systems. Also it lets you calibrate the throttle pedal, change regenerative braking settings and so on. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Parameter definitions can be found here: [[Parameters]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Working parameter sets can be found in the [https://openinverter.org/parameters openinverter parameter database]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; | &lt;br /&gt;
======Use inverter as a battery Charger======&lt;br /&gt;
Both the open inverter and some OEM inverters can be used as a battery charger, further saving on component costs. You can read more about how the open inverter and the theory of charging [[Battery Charging|here]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you need help with your EV conversion check out my &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;consulting offers&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, if you want to support the project &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;visit the shop&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, become a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Patron&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or send donations to paypal &#039;at&#039; johanneshuebner.com .&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;--&amp;gt;= Open Inverter CAN std.=&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Introduction CAN STD|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[CAN table CAN STD|CAN table]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Getting started with CAN bus]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Conversion Projects=&lt;br /&gt;
*[[VW Polo 86C Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Touran Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Audi A2 Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=326&amp;amp;hilit=gt86 toyota gt86 nissan leaf motor]&lt;br /&gt;
*[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=210 Porsche Boxster 986 Tesla conversion]&lt;br /&gt;
*[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewforum.php?f=11 Further Projects on the forum]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=2870</id>
		<title>Glossary of Terms</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=2870"/>
		<updated>2022-10-12T13:12:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: /* P */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;A page to help to grips with the all the acronyms on the forums to get newbies up to speed and for general reference&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= A =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;AC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Alternating current&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;AC&#039;&#039;&#039;) is an electric current which periodically reverses direction, in contrast to direct current (DC) which flows only in one direction.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Alternating_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= B =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Battery Balancing&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Battery balancing&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;battery redistribution&#039;&#039;&#039; refer to techniques that improve the available capacity of a battery pack with multiple cells (usually in series) and increase each cell&#039;s longevity.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Battery_balancing|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;BMS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;battery management system&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;BMS&#039;&#039;&#039;) is any electronic system that manages a rechargeable battery (cell or battery pack), such as by protecting the battery from operating outside its safe operating area&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Battery_management_system|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;BOM&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Bill of Materials (BOM)&#039;&#039;&#039; is a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components, parts, and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Bill_of_materials|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Boost Converter&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;boost converter&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;step-up converter&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a DC-to-DC power converter that steps up voltage (while stepping down current) from its input (supply) to its output (load).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Boost_converter|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Buck Converter&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;buck converter&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;step-down converter&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a DC-to-DC power converter which steps down voltage (while stepping up current) from its input (supply) to its output (load).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Buck_converter|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= C =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CAN&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Controller Area Network&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;CAN bus&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a robust vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other&#039;s applications without a host computer.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CAN_bus|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CCS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The &#039;&#039;&#039;Combined Charging System&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;CCS&#039;&#039;&#039;) covers charging electric vehicles using the &#039;&#039;&#039;Combo 1&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;Combo 2&#039;&#039;&#039; connectors at up to 350 kilowatts. These two connectors are extensions of the Type 1 and Type 2 connectors, with two additional direct current (DC) contacts to allow high-power DC fast charging.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Combined_Charging_System|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CHAdeMO&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CHAdeMO&#039;&#039;&#039; is the trade name of a quick charging method for battery electric vehicles delivering up to 62.5 kW by 500 V, 125 A direct current via a special electrical connector.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CHAdeMO|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= D =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;DC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Direct current&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;DC&#039;&#039;&#039;) is the unidirectional flow of an electric charge. The electric current flows in a constant direction, distinguishing it from alternating current (AC).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Direct_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;DoD&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Depth of Discharge (DoD)&#039;&#039;&#039; is the fraction or percentage of the capacity which has been removed from the fully charged battery.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Depth_of_discharge|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= E =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;EVSE&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Electric vehicle supply equipment&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;EVSE&#039;&#039;&#039;), is an element in an infrastructure that supplies electric energy for the recharging of plug-in electric vehicles—including electric cars, neighborhood electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Charging_station|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= F =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;FOC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Field-Oriented Control (FOC)&#039;&#039;&#039;, is a variable-frequency drive (VFD) control method in which the stator currents of a three-phase AC electric motor are identified as two orthogonal components that can be visualized with a vector.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Vector_control_(motor)|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= G =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= H =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;HVDC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;high-voltage, direct current&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;HVDC&#039;&#039;&#039;) electric power transmission system&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:High-voltage_direct_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= I =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;IGBT&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|An &#039;&#039;&#039;insulated-gate bipolar transistor&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;IGBT&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily used as an electronic switch which, as it was developed, came to combine high efficiency and fast switching.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Insulated-gate_bipolar_transistor|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;power inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;, or &#039;&#039;&#039;inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;, is a power electronic device or circuitry that changes direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Power_inverter|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= J =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= K =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= L =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;LiFePO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The &#039;&#039;&#039;lithium iron phosphate battery&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;LiFePO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; battery&#039;&#039;&#039;) or &#039;&#039;&#039;LFP battery&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;lithium ferrophosphate&#039;&#039;), is a type of lithium-ion battery using LiFePO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; as the cathode material&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Lithium_iron_phosphate_battery|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= M =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= N =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= O =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;OEM&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|An &#039;&#039;&#039;original equipment manufacturer&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;OEM&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a company that produces parts and equipment for another manufacturer.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Original_equipment_manufacturer|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= P =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;PCB&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;printed circuit board&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;PCB&#039;&#039;&#039;) mechanically supports and electrically connects electrical or electronic components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto and/or between sheet layers of a non-conductivesubstrate.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Printed_circuit_board|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;PFC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;power factor correction&#039;&#039;&#039; Aims to draw a sinusoidal current from a sinusoidal voltage source. The quick current loop on the openinverter firmware somewhat achieves this when in boost mode, i.e. it boosts more in the sine &amp;quot;valley&amp;quot; and boosts less at the peak.&lt;br /&gt;
Boost mode would require a (discharged) battery voltage below peak voltage and a rectified voltage to be fed in to the original battery input.&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Power Factor&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The &#039;&#039;&#039;power factor&#039;&#039;&#039; of an AC electrical power system is defined as the ratio of the &#039;&#039;real power&#039;&#039; absorbed by the load to the &#039;&#039;apparent power&#039;&#039; flowing in the circuit, and is a dimensionless number in the closed interval of −1 to 1.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Power_factor|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;PWM&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Pulse-width modulation&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;PWM&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a method of reducing the average power delivered by an electrical signal, by effectively chopping it up into discrete parts. The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. &lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Pulse-width_modulation|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Q =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= R =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= S =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;SDO&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|From CANopen, the SDO protocol is used for setting and for reading values from the object dictionary of a remote device. &lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CANopen#Service_Data_Object_(SDO)_protocol|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Single-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|In electrical engineering, &#039;&#039;&#039;single-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039; is the distribution of alternating current electric power using a system in which all the voltagesof the supply vary in unison.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Single-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;SoC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;State of charge&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;SoC&#039;&#039;&#039;) is the level of charge of an electric battery relative to its capacity.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:State_of_charge|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;SoH&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;State of health&#039;&#039;&#039; (SoH) is a figure of merit of the condition of a battery (or a cell, or a battery pack), compared to its ideal conditions. The units of SoH are percent points (100% = the battery&#039;s conditions match the battery&#039;s specifications).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:State_of_health|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= T =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Three-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|In a symmetric three-phase power supply system, three conductors each carry an alternating current of the same frequency and voltage amplitude relative to a common reference but with a phase difference of one third of a cycle between each.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Three-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= U =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= V =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VAC&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation for &amp;quot;volts AC&amp;quot;, where AC stands for &#039;alternating current&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Alternating_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VDC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VDC&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation for &amp;quot;volts DC.&amp;quot; DC stands for &amp;quot;direct current,&amp;quot; which means the &#039;&#039;&#039;voltage&#039;&#039;&#039; is constant (as opposed to AC, alternating current)&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Direct_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= W =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;STM32&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The STM32 family of 32-bit microcontrollers based on the Arm® Cortex®-M processor is designed to offer new degrees of freedom to MCU users. It offers products combining very high performance, real-time capabilities, digital signal processing, low-power / low-voltage operation, and connectivity, while maintaining full integration and ease of development.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:STM32|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= X =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Y =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Z =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= [0-9] =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;1 Phase Power&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|In electrical engineering, &#039;&#039;&#039;single-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039; is the distribution of alternating current electric power using a system in which all the voltagesof the supply vary in unison.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Single-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;3 Phase Power&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
|In a symmetric three-phase power supply system, three conductors each carry an alternating current of the same frequency and voltage amplitude relative to a common reference but with a phase difference of one third of a cycle between each.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Three-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=2869</id>
		<title>Main Page Old</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=2869"/>
		<updated>2022-10-12T13:10:32Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;=== Welcome to the open inverter wiki, please take your time to read! ===&lt;br /&gt;
The open inverter community is growing and moving quickly. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Stay up-to-date with the latest developments and findings, please check out the [https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php forums]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To edit the wiki, login with your forum credentials.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Before you begin: =&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Please take the time to read.&#039;&#039;&#039;   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Developers of various projects are often bombarded with private messages and emails. Managing these emails and question is a extremely large undertaking. Please read, and take the time to understand the information available here and across the web if you don&#039;t understand a topic. Developers are not your personal support team!    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Consider donating to the many developers that have made all this possible: [https://www.patreon.com/openinverter www.patreon.com/openinverter], https://www.evbmw.com/, https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/celeron55    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The information provided on this wiki and the support forums is intended as information only.  The Open Inverter project and it&#039;s contributors take no responsibility for how you use the information contained within these pages, nor any liability for injuries, or death, that may result from your actions.    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You undertake &#039;&#039;&#039;your&#039;&#039;&#039; project at &#039;&#039;&#039;your own risk.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Introduction =&lt;br /&gt;
The open inverter project originates from Johannes Hübner designing/building his own open source AC motor controller, dubbed the &amp;quot;open inverter&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With the rising popularity/availability of hybrid and electric vehicles, there is a growing supply of high quality and relatively inexpensive parts from auto-wreckers.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The main goal of the open inverter community is to reverse engineer many of these components for use in a variety of projects such as:  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* EV conversion&lt;br /&gt;
* Energy storage&lt;br /&gt;
* Power generation&lt;br /&gt;
* Charging infrastructure&lt;br /&gt;
* etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Open inverter projects now span over many different areas surrounding PEV, HEV, and PHEV components, such as: &lt;br /&gt;
* Motor Controllers&lt;br /&gt;
* 1-3 phase power converters&lt;br /&gt;
* DC/DC converters&lt;br /&gt;
* buck/boost converters&lt;br /&gt;
* Battery Management Systems (BMS)&lt;br /&gt;
* Vehicle integration&lt;br /&gt;
* etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a results, there is a growing collection of open source software and hardware designed for the never ending list of OEM parts.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There&#039;s a variety of methods of repurposing these OEM components. Methods here are generally chosen with future proofing in mind , reducing chances of firmware or software updates from the manufacture &amp;quot;bricking&amp;quot; or blocking the open source control efforts.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
such efforts include:  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mainboard/brain replacement&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Getting started with CAN bus|CANBUS/LINBUS]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[wikipedia:Synchronous_serial_communication|Sync serial]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[wikipedia:FlexRay|FlexRay]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[wikipedia:Pulse-width_modulation|PWM]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Sirmware/software reprogramming&lt;br /&gt;
* etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Resulting in many bespoke boards running the main open inverter software or other open/semi-open source code designed to ether replace OEM motherboards or VCUs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This has lead to a large collection of different boards and software, many with redundant features.  To unify many of these development projects, the community at large is focused on making a set of standard VCUs and replacement control boards which handle the ever growing list of OEM components.    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Many of the VCU and replacement boards consist of these 3 main parts: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Hardware&lt;br /&gt;
!Firmware&lt;br /&gt;
!Web Interface&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|The design and development of the [[Main Board Version 3|control hardware]] based around an STM32F103 chip. This provides the control signals to the power stage and on to the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|The development of the code that goes on the STM32F103 chips and determines, amongst other things what signals are sent to the power stage and the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|Using an ESP8266 chip, the development of a simple [[Web Interface|web based interface]] to adjust the parameters on the firmware chip and to display values returned from the chip, for example motor speed (RPM).&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Getting Started =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== It is r&#039;&#039;&#039;ecommend reading the [[Glossary of Terms]]  before continuing further.&#039;&#039;&#039;===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== EV conversions: ===&lt;br /&gt;
A few main parts are needed for an EV conversion, such as:&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Motors]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Inverter|Inverter]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Batteries]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Charger|Chargers / Charge Controllers]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:DC/DC|DC/DC Converters]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:HVJB|HV Junction Box]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heaters]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:HVAC|HVAC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Brake Assist &lt;br /&gt;
**Vacuum Pumps&lt;br /&gt;
**Electronic Brake Boosters&lt;br /&gt;
* [[:Category:Power Steering|Power Steering]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Rapid Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Existing information on these items can be found on the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[EV Conversion Parts]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===OEM Parts:===&lt;br /&gt;
A variety of [[:Category:OEM|OEM]] parts members of the community have reversed engineered for custom use cases:&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:BMW|BMW]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Ford|Ford]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Hyundai|Hyundai]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Isabellenhütte Heusler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Mercedes-Benz|Mercedes-Benz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Mitsubishi|Mitsubishi]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nissan]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Opel|Opel/Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:Tesla|Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Toyota|Toyota/Lexus]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[:Category:VAG|VAG (VW, Audi, Skoda, Seat, Porsche, ...)]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===FAQ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Common Inverter FAQ]] - questions common to all hardware variants&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Tesla Inverter FAQ]] - questions regarding Tesla Large Drive Units and Small Drive Units&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==[[mechanical design database]]==&lt;br /&gt;
Designs for:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*adapter plates&lt;br /&gt;
*motor couplers&lt;br /&gt;
*drive shaft flanges&lt;br /&gt;
*battery mounts&lt;br /&gt;
*etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
====Open Inverter (Core Project/s) ====&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
! &lt;br /&gt;
====Open Inverter Related Projects (Control Boards/VCUs)====&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;core universal hardware and software components&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ZombieVerter VCU&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[ZombieVerter VCU]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Web Interface (ZombieVerter VCU)|Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OEM component compatibility]]&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Tesla|Tesla Small Drive and Large Drive Units:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
commonly there is a large drive unit and small drive unit available.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These combine the inverter and motor into a single package.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The control boards for these replace the existing control board within them. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
======Open Inverter Hardware======&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hardware Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Schematics and Instructions]] - for the &amp;quot;vanilla&amp;quot; inverter kit.&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mini Mainboard]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 1]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sense Boards]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gate Driver]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sensor Board|Legacy Sensor Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OEM Repurposing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Lexus GS450h Drivetrain]]:&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
The GS450h contains a gearbox (where the motors are located).  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Using the [[ZombieVerter VCU]], the inverter and the gearbox itself provide  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
a powerful set up suitable for rear wheel drive set ups,  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
replacing the existing longitudinally mounted gearbox. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Toyota Prius Gen3 Board|Prius Generation 3 Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
a cheap available inverter from the popular Prius hybrid, this &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
board goes inside that inverter and allows you to control the features of it.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
======&#039;&#039;&#039;Open Inverter Software&#039;&#039;&#039;======&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Using FOC Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Downloads]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Features]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Battery Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Errors]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[CAN communication]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Parameters]] (Tune your inverter)&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Configuration Files]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Software Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Open Inverter Testing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Auris/Yaris Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
similar to the Prius board, there&#039;s subtle differences between them  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
and therefore the need for a separate board. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Nissan Leaf Gen2 Board]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
replaces the nissan OEM logic board with a rev 3 openiverter main board &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Ford ranger ev board|&#039;&#039;&#039;Ford ranger ev board&#039;&#039;&#039;]]&lt;br /&gt;
openinverter kit for the ford ranger ev &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[[OEM Repurposing|All Control Boards / OEM Inverters]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; | &lt;br /&gt;
======CAN communication======&lt;br /&gt;
Common across boards is the ability to communicate with a CAN Bus, which is a &#039;control area network&#039; or a technical way of saying how various components, sensors, controls, etc communicate with one another within the car. &#039;&#039;&#039;Read more about [[CAN communication|CAN Communication]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also a project to standardise the messages across the various control boards, [[Introduction CAN STD|read more]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====Parameters====&lt;br /&gt;
The openinverter firmware uses a set of about 70 parameters to adapt it to different inverter power stages, motors and position feedback systems. Also it lets you calibrate the throttle pedal, change regenerative braking settings and so on. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Parameter definitions can be found here: [[Parameters]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Working parameter sets can be found in the [https://openinverter.org/parameters openinverter parameter database]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; | &lt;br /&gt;
======Use inverter as a battery Charger======&lt;br /&gt;
Both the open inverter and some OEM inverters can be used as a battery charger, further saving on component costs. You can read more about how the open inverter and the theory of charging [[Battery Charging|here]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you need help with your EV conversion check out my &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;consulting offers&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, if you want to support the project &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;visit the shop&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, become a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Patron&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or send donations to paypal &#039;at&#039; johanneshuebner.com .&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;--&amp;gt;= Open Inverter CAN std.=&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Introduction CAN STD|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[CAN table CAN STD|CAN table]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Getting started with CAN bus]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Legalities=&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Legalities|Legalities around conversion projects]]&lt;br /&gt;
Different countries have different legislation, if you want you car to certified for the road in your country please take the time to review this section.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Conversion Projects=&lt;br /&gt;
*[[VW Polo 86C Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Touran Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Audi A2 Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=326&amp;amp;hilit=gt86 toyota gt86 nissan leaf motor]&lt;br /&gt;
*[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=210 Porsche Boxster 986 Tesla conversion]&lt;br /&gt;
*[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewforum.php?f=11 Further Projects on the forum]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Toyota_Prius_Gen3_Board&amp;diff=2862</id>
		<title>Toyota Prius Gen3 Board</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Toyota_Prius_Gen3_Board&amp;diff=2862"/>
		<updated>2022-10-11T14:05:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Prius Gen3 Inverter Control v2.jpg|thumb|Prius Gen3 Control Board v2]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Toyota Prius Gen3 Board is an open source project to repurpose 2010-2015 Toyota Prius inverters for DIY EV use. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It consists of a open inverter circuit board and programming which replaces the OEM logic board in the prius inverter.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This allows independent control of mg1 power stage, mg2 power stage, buck/boost converter and the dc/dc converter. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;Note that there is also a [[Toyota Prius Gen2 Inverter]] for the 2004-2009 model years.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Prius Inverter ==&lt;br /&gt;
The Toyota Prius is a hybrid vehicle. Their inverters are suitable and attractive for DIY EVs because of:&lt;br /&gt;
* Large part availability. Priuses have been made in large numbers for 20 years.&lt;br /&gt;
* High affordability. Prius inverters are available for around $150 from scrapyards&lt;br /&gt;
* Durability. Toyota engineers appear to have made the inverters foolproof, many inputs and outputs gracefully handle fault conditions.&lt;br /&gt;
* Respectable performance. Rated for 50kW output, but tested to handle 600v, and 500+A on MG2. (MG1 unknown, Gen2 had 70% of MG2 on MG1).&lt;br /&gt;
* Ease of repurposing. Emulating the original ECU seems reasonably feasible.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Gen3 Prius (2010-2015 model years) has a variety of useful components inside the inverter package:&lt;br /&gt;
* 2 high power inverters, for the 2 motors MG1 (starter) capable of handling 250 amps, and MG2 (drive motor) capable of handling 350 amps.&lt;br /&gt;
* A DC-DC converter to provide 12v power supply to the automotive systems and accessories.&lt;br /&gt;
* A boost module to boost the 200v battery pack up to 500v, which looks to be able to function as a battery charger (wish list for future development)&lt;br /&gt;
* See this video for a thorough disassembly and explanation of the Gen3 Inverter (Timestamp ???? ): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y7Vm-C4MsW8&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Control Board ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The current version as of Jan 20, 2020 is v2.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As designed by Damien Maguire, the open source hardware for the control board can be purchased from his website: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://www.evbmw.com/index.php/evbmw-webshop/toyota-built-and-tested-boards Toyota Boards]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The control board is a physical replacement for the OEM Prius Gen3 inverter logic board inside the inverter. Remove the old one and replace it with the new one.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Development History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
V1 - This board was sold tested but also as a bare logic board requiring purchase of your own components and SMD placement and soldering skills. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
V2 - A new board source was found to be both high quality and low cost. The boards were redesigned around the inventory of parts available from this supplier. In particular the high cost of populated and soldered boards (10x the price) from the source used to make the v1 boards is so significantly lower on the v2 that there are likely no savings by building and soldering the board yourself. The circuit now has hardware to support repurposing the MG1 inverter as a battery charger, though as of Jan 20, 2020, software is still in development.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
v1c - this board uses mg2 power stage for motor control, and mg1 +buck/boost converter as a battery charger, or parallel connection of MG1 and MG2 to give more amps to a single motor.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
v1d - this board allows to use mg1 and mg2 power stages for dual motor control &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Vendors ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 [https://www.evbmw.com/index.php/evbmw-webshop EVBMW Webshop]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Support ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Community support is available on the [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=14&amp;amp;t=488 Prius Gen 3 Inverter Logic Board Support Thread]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You are not entitled to support, purchase from a vendor who offers support if you want it guaranteed. Treat the community with respect.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Inverter Model Numbers ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{|  class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
! Inverter No || Car model(s) || Logic Board No || Power Board No || Compatible 50 pin connector|| PCB size || Confirmed works with board ||  Link &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| G9200-47141 || Auris 2012, RHD || || || || || || &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|G9200-47140&lt;br /&gt;
|Prius 2010&lt;br /&gt;
|F1759-47041 01&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|G9200-47162&lt;br /&gt;
|Prius + &lt;br /&gt;
|F1759-47041 01&lt;br /&gt;
|F1789-47090&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
| G9200-47180  || || || || || || || [https://www.diyelectriccar.com/forums/showpost.php?p=1026169&amp;amp;postcount=8 Photo diyelectriccar.com]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| G9200-47190 || Auris 2017 || F1759-47070 05 || F1789-52010&lt;br /&gt;
|| ? || || || [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=14&amp;amp;t=51&amp;amp;start=270#p5661 Forum Thread openinverter.com]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|G9200-47210&lt;br /&gt;
|Prius 2012&lt;br /&gt;
|F1759-47070 05&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|YES&lt;br /&gt;
|154x143mm&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?p=16539#p16539&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|G9200-47220&lt;br /&gt;
|Prius 2014&lt;br /&gt;
|F1759-47070 05&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|YES&lt;br /&gt;
|154x143mm&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?p=21384#p21384&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|G9200-47230&lt;br /&gt;
|Prius 2015&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|F1789-52010&lt;br /&gt;
|Yes&lt;br /&gt;
|154x143mm&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?p=29248#p29248&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|G9200-52010||Yaris&lt;br /&gt;
Prius C&lt;br /&gt;
||F1759-52010 04||F1789-52010|| ||154x143mm||&lt;br /&gt;
|https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=14&amp;amp;t=257&amp;amp;p=5828#p5828&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|G9200-52031&lt;br /&gt;
|Yaris 2016&lt;br /&gt;
|F1759-52010 04&lt;br /&gt;
|F1789-52010&lt;br /&gt;
|YES&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|YES&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| G9200-52032 || Yaris 2015 || F1759-52010 04 || F1789-52010 || YES || Long 143mm || || [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=14&amp;amp;t=439#p5058 Forum Thread openinverter.com] [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=14&amp;amp;t=51&amp;amp;start=270#p5669 Forum Thread openinverter.com]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| G9201-52011 || Yaris || || || YES|||||| [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=14&amp;amp;t=439#p5681 Forum Thread openinverter.com]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| G9201-52012 || Prius C || F1759-52010 || F1789-52010 || YES (presumably) |||||| [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?p=6979#p6979 Forum Thread openinverter.com]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|G9200-52030&lt;br /&gt;
|Prius C (a.k.a. Prius Aqua)&lt;br /&gt;
|F1759-52010 04&lt;br /&gt;
|F1789-52010&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|154mm long&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=999&amp;amp;p=16434#p16434 Forum Thread openinverter.com]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Kit Assembly Instructions (V1C) ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Prius3-ldo2.jpg|thumb|Extra voltage regulator on Prius Gen3 board]]&lt;br /&gt;
This guide is for the assembly of version V1C of the Gen 3 board available here: https://www.evbmw.com/index.php/evbmw-webshop/toyota-built-and-tested-boards/prius-gen-3-inverter-built-tested&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is based on the assembly videos by Damien Maguire. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Part 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QE-zym8iIgM&amp;amp;t=2643s &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Part 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nu5_OBOPk4s&amp;amp;t=1787s&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== LDO strengthening ===&lt;br /&gt;
The stock 3V3 LDO (3.3V linear voltage regulator) does not provide sufficient current for both the STM32(s) and wifi module(s). Therefor the wifi module needs a distinct regulator.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
TODO: does this also affect the latest revision boards?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Early Board Correction, pre July 2020 ===&lt;br /&gt;
The first batch of JLCPCB boards shipped have an incorrect resistor value that needs to be changed over. Boards &#039;&#039;shipped after Jun 26, 2020&#039;&#039; will not need to do this.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Power supply.png|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Resistor labeled R101 (labeled &#039;1002&#039;) needs swapping for a 8k2 (0805 package) resistor. &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200629 155303.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Motor Temperature Sensor correction. ===&lt;br /&gt;
Boards currently have an error with the temperature sensor circuit. R14 is supposed to be in parallel with C11 to form the voltage divider. One workaround would be to put a 1k resistor from one of the pads to ground. this can be done externally if you&#039;d rather not modify the board, put a 1k ohm resistor from MG2_STATOR_T2 to a ground pin. Then connector the temperature sensor from MG2_STATOR_T1 to MG2_STATOR_T2 as normal. &lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
This is a current issue on the boards. A new revision is not yet available. &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Screenshot 2021-08-13 at 8.50.56 am.png|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wifi Module Correction ===&lt;br /&gt;
The capacitor may need increasing to 10uF deal with noise. The table below shows which boards need updating and which capacitor(s) to update.&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Board Version&lt;br /&gt;
!Cap(s) needs updating?&lt;br /&gt;
!Cap(s) to update&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Single motor, large board (v1b)&lt;br /&gt;
|Maybe&lt;br /&gt;
|C48&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Single motor, small board (v1c)&lt;br /&gt;
|Maybe&lt;br /&gt;
|C49&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Single motor, small board (v1c, block 3)&lt;br /&gt;
|Maybe&lt;br /&gt;
|C49&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dual motor, small board (v1d)&lt;br /&gt;
|No&lt;br /&gt;
|N/A&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dual motor, large board (v1d)&lt;br /&gt;
|Maybe&lt;br /&gt;
|C58 and C86&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dual motor, large board (v1d, block 3)&lt;br /&gt;
|Maybe&lt;br /&gt;
|C58 and C86&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dual motor, large board (v1d, block 4)&lt;br /&gt;
|No&lt;br /&gt;
|N/A&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Screenshot 2021-08-23 at 1.07.32 pm.png|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== DC-DC Startup Delay (V1c &amp;amp; V1d) ===&lt;br /&gt;
These revision boards will start up the DC-DC converter during pre-charge, if you&#039;ve soldered the jumper. This will mean the current for the DC-DC will be drawn during pre-charge, potentially preventing the main contactor closing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=14&amp;amp;t=1039 for more details.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Soldering The Breakout Board ===&lt;br /&gt;
Solder the Ampseal socket to the the breakout board, the silk-screen indicates side and orientation fitment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200605 174452.jpg|thumb|alt=|none]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Next flip it over and solder the 34 way IDC locking header on, notch upwards as show.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Note: Some versions of the breakout board have and error in the silk-screen that indicate orientation incorrectly, with the notch towards the bottom.&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200606 130213.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Soldering the Main Board ===&lt;br /&gt;
The main board is mostly pretty easy to solder, the one exception is the 50 way white connector. I found that putting flux on the pads and dragging solder across them, placing the connector in place and then placing the iron on the pins was the easiest. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Also easiest is to start with this connector, whilst the most complicated, starting with an unpopulated board allows easier access to it as the following connectors are largely around this one. &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200619 175629.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Depending on the kit and time you received it due to chip shortages, you might have IC12 and IC14 unpopulated and need to solder them on. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Each chip&#039;s &#039;pin one&#039; has a small notch to indicate it and this matches the line and IC12 /IC14 silk screen on the board. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Again these are easier to get out of the way before the connectors are positioned.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Toyota-gen-3-board---IC12.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Toyota-gen-3-board---IC14.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Next up I did conn 1, it can only go one way, and is a piece of cake after the 50 way connector.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200605 174924.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
And Conn8, again easy.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200605 175047.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Next the DCDC convert connector, again only fits one way.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200605 175849.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
MG1 and MG2 Current sensor Connectors, both these are the same, the tabs on both MG1 and MG2 are at the top. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ignore the &#039;Notch&#039; on the board it needs to face outwards to the edge of the board, you&#039;ll also need to turn the sensor cables 180 deg to fit when installing the board. &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200605 181654.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Next up the L2 inductor, it can go either way&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200605_182754.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Next up I did the right angled pins for the wifi module, stick the pins in the module connector and then through the board, hold it in place and flip it over.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;NOTE:&#039;&#039;&#039; This is how &#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;nowiki/&amp;gt;&#039;not&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039; to mount the right angle connector. The black plastic should be perpendicular to the board and is used to limit the Olimex WifI Board connector.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Toyota-gen-3-board---right angled pins.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
Cut 2 lengths of 3 pins from the header pin strips for the ISP header for programming the Atmega328P that will be used ton control the buck-boost converter.[[File:20200605 183933.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To enable the DCDC converter for I&#039;ve bridged over the 2 pin holes, but you can add a switch or something here, or leave it open if you&#039;re not using the DCDC to keep the 12v battery charged.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See note above for &#039;&#039;&#039;V1C and V1D boards&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200605 184633.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Pin header for Alegro current sensor, currently no software exists to control the buck boost, hopefully in the future this will be able to be used as a charger, this pin header is for the possible addition of a current sensor to facilitate.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200605_185543.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Three options exist on the board for flashing the firmware to the STM32.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you plan on programming your board with a [https://www.tag-connect.com/product/tc2050-idc-nl-050 TC2050 JTAG]  then obviously skip the next step.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Solder a 3 pin headers for single wire program interface, or a 6 pin header for FTDI interface.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;The photo below shows both headers populated, however you don&#039;t necessarily need both.&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200605 185557.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Last up is the 34-way ICD interlock connector for the breakout board. Notch outward.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200609 094633.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Powering up ===&lt;br /&gt;
Now it&#039;s time to power up the board with 12v and test.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Green wire is +12v (pin 1) and blue 0v (pin 11)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;NOTE:&#039;&#039;&#039; When Idle, board consumes about 1.7 - 1.8A of current. When PWM starts, current consumption goes up to ~2A.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200608 125857.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Screenshot 2020-06-07 at 1.32.12 pm.png|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Checking voltages ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Check for ~3.3v here on C32&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200608 124947.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Check for ~5v here on C21/C20/C22/C25&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200607 134336.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Check for -5v here on the little via next to CONN7 or right next to CONN2 there&#039;s a via with -5V under it.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200608 125110.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally the 26v &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200608 125053.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Firmware ==&lt;br /&gt;
Full kits will be supplied programmed and partial kits will be un-programmed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Wifi Module Firmware ===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;u&amp;gt;The WiFi module supplied as part of a kit will have the default SSID of &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039; and a password of &#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;inverter123&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
My wifi module came with the firmware already installed, but if yours didn&#039;t follow the outline steps below. You will need a 3.3v USB to Serial adaptor.  &lt;br /&gt;
# Download the software from https://github.com/jsphuebner/esp8266-web-interface &lt;br /&gt;
#  Install the Arduino core from https://github.com/esp8266/Arduino (Arduino IDE, Platform.IO etc supported)&lt;br /&gt;
#  Write code to ESP8266&lt;br /&gt;
#  Write filesystem to ESP8266&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Step by Step using Arduino IDE&lt;br /&gt;
# Add https://arduino.esp8266.com/stable/package_esp8266com_index.json into Additional Board &lt;br /&gt;
# Go to Boards -&amp;gt; Board Manager and install ESP8266&lt;br /&gt;
# Extract the esp8266-web-interface software to your Arduino projects directory&lt;br /&gt;
# Create a new folder named data&lt;br /&gt;
# Move all files except FSBrowser.ino to the data folder.&lt;br /&gt;
# Choose Olimex MOD-WIFI-ESP8266 as the board&lt;br /&gt;
# Upload the code using the Arduino IDE&lt;br /&gt;
# Use &#039;ESP8266 Sketch Data Upload&#039; from the Tools menu, this will upload the files in the data directory to the ESP8266&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Programming Firmware ===&lt;br /&gt;
There are three different interfaces that are possible to program the firmware.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Below are instructions for using the single wire programming interface with the [https://www.st.com/en/development-tools/st-link-v2.html USB STLink V2].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Connect the 3 wire pin headers to the programming device.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Swp.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:S-l1600.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
The pin labeled &#039;&#039;DAT&#039;&#039; on the board should connect to &#039;&#039;SWDIO&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The middle pin of the 3 pins on the board should go to &#039;&#039;GND&#039;&#039; on the STLink V2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The pin labeled &#039;&#039;CLK&#039;&#039; on the board should connect to &#039;&#039;SWCLK&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You will also need to hook up power to the board. You can connect the 5V output of the STLink to the 5V pin of the FTDI header. This is the third pin from the left, where pin 1 is just below the letters BLK on the board.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Using a Mac or Linux&#039;&#039;&#039; install https://github.com/stlink-org/stlink&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The bootloader can be found here: https://github.com/jsphuebner/tumanako-inverter-fw-bootloader/releases&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Run command to write the bootloader&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;st-flash write stm32_loader.bin 0x08000000&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;For Windows&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Grab the custom bootloader (the .bin file) from https://github.com/jsphuebner/tumanako-inverter-fw-bootloader/releases&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Install the ST Link software from here: https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/products/development-tools/software-development-tools/stm32-software-development-tools/stm32-programmers/stsw-link004.html&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Run the software then select Target&amp;gt;Connect and then Target&amp;gt;Settings to check that your USB device is connected and that the settings look as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:ST Link Software Settings.png|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Select File&amp;gt;Open and choose the bootloader from its download location. Then select Target&amp;gt;Program &amp;amp; Verify and you should see this:&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Programming bootloader with ST Link software.png|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Once the bootloader has been programmed the main firmware can be uploaded and upgraded via the [[web interface]].&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The main firmware can be found here: https://github.com/jsphuebner/stm32-sine/releases&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A wifi network should be visible with the name &#039;&#039;ESP-*&#039;&#039; connect to it&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Screenshot 2020-06-20 at 8.33.04 am.png|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Once connected open a browser and navigate to http://192.168.4.1 and find the update section, upload the firmware.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Screenshot 2020-06-20 at 8.28.53 am.png|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Once this has completed you can verify by scrolling to the Spot Values section and you&#039;ll see the software version&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Screenshot 2020-06-20 at 8.39.58 am.png|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Atmega328p Firmware ===&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Be super careful never to program the Atmega while high voltage is applied and caps are not discharged. When cycling through the boot loader, it seems to do something strange that will blow up the otherwise bullet proof buck/boost converter! Also be aware that Arduino also cycles through the boot loader when closing the serial terminal!&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This will control the Buck Boost module that&#039;s hopefully going to be a functioning charger in the future, it also requires a simple bit of firmware to enable the DC-DC converter.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[Add instructions for firmware]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Inverter Parameters ==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Parameter&lt;br /&gt;
!Suggested Value&lt;br /&gt;
!Notes&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|pwmfrq&lt;br /&gt;
|2&lt;br /&gt;
|PWM frequency. 0=17.6kHz, 1=8.8kHz, &#039;&#039;&#039;2=4.4kHz&#039;&#039;&#039;, 3=2.2kHz. Needs PWM restart&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|pwmpol&lt;br /&gt;
|0 - Active High&lt;br /&gt;
|DO NOT PLAY WITH THIS!&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|deadtime&lt;br /&gt;
|130&lt;br /&gt;
|Deadtime between highside and lowside pulse. 28=800ns, 56=1.5µs. Not always linear, consult STM32 manual. Needs PWM restart&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|il1gain&lt;br /&gt;
|4.56&lt;br /&gt;
|Digits per A of current sensor L1&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|il2gain&lt;br /&gt;
|4.5&lt;br /&gt;
|Digits per A of current sensor L2&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|udcgain&lt;br /&gt;
|5&lt;br /&gt;
|Digits per V of DC link&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|udcofs&lt;br /&gt;
|0&lt;br /&gt;
|DC link 0V offset&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|udclim&lt;br /&gt;
|540&lt;br /&gt;
|High voltage at which the PWM is shut down&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|snshs&lt;br /&gt;
|1&lt;br /&gt;
|Heatsink temperature sensor. 0=JCurve, &#039;&#039;&#039;1=Semikron&#039;&#039;&#039;, 2=MBB600, 3=KTY81, 4=PT1000, 5=NTCK45+2k2, 6=Leaf&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|pinswap&lt;br /&gt;
|8&lt;br /&gt;
|0=None, 1=Currents12, 2=SinCos, 4=PWMOutput13, &#039;&#039;&#039;8=PWMOutput23&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Parameters]] Details&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== First Run (PWM verify) ==&lt;br /&gt;
Once your board in installed in the inverter and all the internal connectors are connected you can power up the inverter with 12v as above. No need to have anything connected to the HV battery or MG1 or MG2. You&#039;ll hear an audible wine. We&#039;re first going to verify the PWM outputs on the board and then connecting up a motor.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Connect pin 3, MG2_FORW_IN to 12v&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Navigate to the [[Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Change the parameter  encmode to &#039;AB&#039; as at the moment we don&#039;t have any sensors connected. Set udcmin to 0 to disable precharge.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Start the inverter in manual mode with the button&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Screenshot 2020-07-06 at 1.21.04 pm.png|thumb|alt=|none]]    &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Now set the 2 testing parameters, fslipsnpnt and ampnom to 1. &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Screenshot 2020-07-06 at 1.21.13 pm.png|none|thumb]] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Using a scope, look for a PWM signal on MG2 A/B/C Hi/Low on the 50 pin connector. R74 through R79 can be used as test points for the PWM signal - these are located next to the 50 pin connector as shown in the image below. &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:51872869539 19178b9a51 o.jpg|alt=Partial shot of the 50 pin connector showing the location of the resistors which can be used as test points to check for the PWM signal on MG2 A/B/C Hi / Low. |none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
Stop the inverter &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== First Run (Open loop motor spin) ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Now connect up the 3 motor phases and a small voltage of around 30v to the HV, I manually pre-charged with a 50w 10ohm resistor for a couple of seconds, the supply needs to be able to supply 10 amps or so. I also had a 20 amp fuse inline.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As above, start the inverter in manual mode, set ampnom to 100 and fslipsnpnt to 10, the motor should start to spin.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You may have [[Errors]] to address if this doesn&#039;t happen.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== DC-DC Converter ==&lt;br /&gt;
The inverter contains a DC DC converter, that is used to keep the 12v battery charged using the high voltage battery. This is the EV equivalent to the alternator on a combustion engined car.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As per the assembly instructions above this needs to be enabled via the jumper on the control board.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the unmodified state, the DC DC converter will operate with a main battery voltage in the ~80v to ~235v range and will require a simple modification to allow it to operate at higher voltage range, ~140v to ~400v.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There&#039;s a couple of options for the DC DC converter. If you aren&#039;t planning on using the inverter as a charger and don&#039;t want to change the resistors you can use the buck boost module to step down the battery voltage to within the DC DC range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Unmodified DC DC Resistors, using Buck Boost to step down.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Connect your battery to the inverter as shown below, with pre charge and fuses etc.[[File:20200705 190723.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You can use the following sketch on the atmega328p&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&amp;quot;cpp&amp;quot; line=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
/*&lt;br /&gt;
Runs atmega328p buck/boost control on Prius Gen 3 and Yaris/Auris inverters in buck mode to drop Main HV down for DCDC converter.&lt;br /&gt;
Experimental code. Only tested on the bench! Use at your own risk!&lt;br /&gt;
D.Maguire&lt;br /&gt;
*/&lt;br /&gt;
#include &amp;lt;Metro.h&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
int HVLow = 0;        // voltage on low side of converter&lt;br /&gt;
int HVHi = 0;        // voltage on high side of converter&lt;br /&gt;
int SetV = 0;       //set point voltage&lt;br /&gt;
int PWMDuty = 0;    //pwm duty cycle&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Metro timer_pwm=Metro(5); &lt;br /&gt;
Metro timer_serial=Metro(200);&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
void setup() {&lt;br /&gt;
  Serial.begin(9600);//&lt;br /&gt;
  TCCR1B = TCCR1B &amp;amp; B11111000 | B00000010;    // set timer 1 divisor to  8 for PWM frequency of  3921.16 Hz&lt;br /&gt;
  pinMode(9, OUTPUT); //boost low side&lt;br /&gt;
  pinMode(10, OUTPUT); //boost Hi side&lt;br /&gt;
  analogWrite(9,0); //low side off&lt;br /&gt;
  analogWrite(10,0); //High side off&lt;br /&gt;
  SetV=210;  //set at 210v to run dcdc&lt;br /&gt;
  PWMDuty=0;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;br /&gt;
// the loop function runs over and over again forever&lt;br /&gt;
void loop() {&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
    HVLow = (analogRead(A0)/1.85)-43; //-43 needed for Lexus CT200h variant. Remove for Prius / Auris.&lt;br /&gt;
    HVHi = (analogRead(A1)*1.25);&lt;br /&gt;
    &lt;br /&gt;
    updatePWM();  //call pwm update routine.&lt;br /&gt;
    serialOUT();  //call serial out routine&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
void serialOUT()&lt;br /&gt;
{&lt;br /&gt;
  if(timer_serial.check()){&lt;br /&gt;
  Serial.print(&amp;quot;Low Vbus = &amp;quot;);&lt;br /&gt;
  Serial.print(HVLow);&lt;br /&gt;
  Serial.print(&amp;quot;Volts&amp;quot;);&lt;br /&gt;
  Serial.print(&amp;quot;\t High Vbus = &amp;quot;);&lt;br /&gt;
  Serial.print(HVHi);&lt;br /&gt;
  Serial.print(&amp;quot;Volts&amp;quot;);&lt;br /&gt;
  Serial.print(&amp;quot;\t PWMDUTY = &amp;quot;);&lt;br /&gt;
  Serial.println(PWMDuty);&lt;br /&gt;
  }&lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
void updatePWM()&lt;br /&gt;
{&lt;br /&gt;
if(timer_pwm.check()){&lt;br /&gt;
  if(HVHi&amp;gt;300){  //if hv is above 300v start ramping up pwm and regulate to setpoint.&lt;br /&gt;
    if (HVLow&amp;lt;SetV) PWMDuty++;&lt;br /&gt;
    if (HVLow&amp;gt;SetV) PWMDuty--;&lt;br /&gt;
    if (PWMDuty&amp;lt;0)  PWMDuty=0;&lt;br /&gt;
    if (PWMDuty&amp;gt;250)  PWMDuty=250;&lt;br /&gt;
    analogWrite(10,PWMDuty);&lt;br /&gt;
  }&lt;br /&gt;
  if(HVHi&amp;lt;250)&lt;br /&gt;
  {&lt;br /&gt;
      PWMDuty--;;  //if hv is lower then 250v ramp down pwm&lt;br /&gt;
      if (PWMDuty&amp;lt;0)  PWMDuty=0;&lt;br /&gt;
  }&lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;br /&gt;
  &lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Modified DC DC Resistors, using Buck Boost to bridge.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You must have modified the resistors in the inverter for this method to work. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Connect your battery to the inverter as shown below, with pre charge and fuses etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200705 190723.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The following sketch can use used on the atmega328p to internally bridge the buck boost module so that the full battery voltage reaches the DC DC converter.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&amp;quot;cpp&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
// I/O-PINS&lt;br /&gt;
const uint8_t boostLoDrivePIN = 9; // D9 (PB1)&lt;br /&gt;
const uint8_t boostHiDrivePIN = 10; // D10 (PB2)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
/********&lt;br /&gt;
* SETUP *&lt;br /&gt;
********/&lt;br /&gt;
void setup()&lt;br /&gt;
{&lt;br /&gt;
  pinMode(boostHiDrivePIN, OUTPUT);&lt;br /&gt;
  digitalWrite(boostHiDrivePIN, HIGH); // To set high drive ON&lt;br /&gt;
  &lt;br /&gt;
  pinMode(boostLoDrivePIN, OUTPUT);&lt;br /&gt;
  digitalWrite(boostLoDrivePIN, LOW); // To set low drive OFF&lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
/*******&lt;br /&gt;
* LOOP *&lt;br /&gt;
*******/&lt;br /&gt;
void loop()&lt;br /&gt;
{&lt;br /&gt;
  &lt;br /&gt;
}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/syntaxhighlight&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Modified DC DC Resistors and using Buck Boost for charging.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Your battery will be connected to Charging HV + and HV - with contactors and precharge. You will also have another contactor that the atmega328p will control to externally bridge Charging HV+ and Driving HV+ this will externally bridge both sides of the buck boost module when in run mode so that the driving isn&#039;t limited by the buck boost module but during charging the contactor will open and the connection is severed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200705 190723 2.jpg|none|thumb]]The charing code for the atmega328p is here https://github.com/celeron55/prius3charger_buck, more details on charging is further down in the wiki.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Modifying the DC DC converter resistors&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The DC DC converter in unmodified state will startup at a little over 100v and shut down at around 240v, to use it with a higher voltage it needs to be modified by changing some smd resistors.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nu5_OBOPk4s&amp;amp;t=2s&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You&#039;ll need to remove the bottom cover of the inverter to expose the DC DC converter control board.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Screenshot 2021-01-06 at 6.51.47 pm.png|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We need to replace 4 resistors on the top side of the board, these are R629, R627, R625, R623, currently 120k ohm, these will need replacing with  210k ohm&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
(1%, 0.5W, 0805, Manufacturer part#: ERJP06F2103V Farnell #: 2326773 )&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Screenshot 2021-01-06 at 6.56.26 pm.png|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20210114 162937.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
These are the 4 resistors on the top.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20210114 172258.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
And Replace&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20210114 174343.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There&#039;s also 4 resistors to replace on the bottom, these are R630, R628, R626, R624, these also need to be 210k ohm.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Screenshot 2021-01-06 at 6.59.08 pm.png|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20210114 172503.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
The bottom resistors are up next to the flexible cable, on the underside of the board, to access them, unscrew the 4 screws holding the board in place, unplug the black connector carefully lift the board upwards.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bare in mind the flexible cable is still attached and is soldered directly to the board. Flip it over.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20210114 172710.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20210114 173552.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
Bottom side replaced. You can now place the board back in place, screw the 4 screws in and don&#039;t forget the black plug.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Replace the bottom metal cover.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== 12v Battery Connection ==&lt;br /&gt;
The 12v battery positive connects to this post, it&#039;ll output ~14v when the DC-DC is running to keep the battery charged, the negative terminal of the battery should be connected to the case of the inverter.[[File:20200705_190706.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== High Voltage Battery Connection ==&lt;br /&gt;
The HV battery connection is below, DO NOT directly connect the battery here. It needs to be connected via contactors and a pre-charge resistor. This connection point by-passes the buck/boost converter.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200705 190723.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[Add details of pre-charge and contactor]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Motor Connection ==&lt;br /&gt;
If you are only using MG2 to power a motor, and not paralleling MG1 and MG2, connect your 3 phase wires from the motor to the outer 3 terminals.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some versions of this inverter have the U-V-W labels for the three phase wires stamped into the case and some do not. These are shown below in case you have a version of the inverter without them and need to connect to a motor other than the originial prius transaxle.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200705 190657-2.jpg|alt=|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Parallel MG1 and MG2 on a single motor ==&lt;br /&gt;
MG1 and MG2 can be used in parallel for more power, to do so there&#039;s some solder jumpers on the board to use. Jumpers SJ1 to SJ6 need soldering across the little gap between them.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Screenshot 2021-08-20 at 9.17.02 am.png|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You then need to connect MG1 phase 1 to MG2 phase 1 and so on. This needs to be done before the the current sensors so that all the current goes through MG2 current sensors on the phase bars, otherwise the software cannot measure the current correctly.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:1n9hto6.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== IDC Connector ==&lt;br /&gt;
If you are not using the AMPSeal daughterboard, you can connect directly to the 34 pin IDC connector on the EVBMW board. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Connections are as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|Pin Number&lt;br /&gt;
|Label&lt;br /&gt;
|Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|1&lt;br /&gt;
|12V_IN&lt;br /&gt;
|Provide with +12V supply from battery or power supply for testing&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|2&lt;br /&gt;
|12V_IN&lt;br /&gt;
|Provide with +12V supply from battery or power supply for testing&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|3&lt;br /&gt;
|MG2_FORW_IN&lt;br /&gt;
|Active high signal at 12V (switches at &amp;gt;7V) to tell the inverter which way to spin the motor. Take positive feed from 12V battery or supply and wire through a three position switch, with the switched connections running to forward and reverse.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|4&lt;br /&gt;
|MG2_REVER_IN&lt;br /&gt;
|Active high signal at 12V (switches at &amp;gt;7V) to tell the inverter which way to spin the motor. Take positive feed from 12V battery or supply and wire through a three position switch, with the switched connections running to forward and reverse.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|5&lt;br /&gt;
|MG2_START&lt;br /&gt;
|Active high signal at 12V (switches at &amp;gt;7V) to start the inverter and move it from pre-charge to run mode. Typically connected to the momentary &#039;START&#039; position of your ignition switch.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|6&lt;br /&gt;
|MG2_BRAKE_ON&lt;br /&gt;
|Active high signal at 12V (switches at &amp;gt;7V) to inform the inverter that the car is under braking. Typically takes a feed from the brake switch that also turns on brake lights etc.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|7&lt;br /&gt;
|CRUISE_IN&lt;br /&gt;
|Active high signal at 12V (switches at &amp;gt;7V) to turn on cruise control mode. This sets the current motor speed as the set point for cruise control. Cruise control is disabled by a signal from the brake switch.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|8&lt;br /&gt;
|VCC_5V&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;+5V supply for temperature and throttle sensors&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|9&lt;br /&gt;
|MG2_ACCEL&lt;br /&gt;
|5V analogue input from first channel of throttle sensor. These typically take a 5V supply and ground and return to this pin a variable voltage that indicates throttle position.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|10&lt;br /&gt;
|MG2_BRAKE_TRANS&lt;br /&gt;
|5V analogue input from second channel of throttle sensor. These typically take a 5V supply and ground and return to this pin a variable voltage that indicates throttle position.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|11&lt;br /&gt;
|GND&lt;br /&gt;
|Common ground for 12V supply or 5V return.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|12&lt;br /&gt;
|GND&lt;br /&gt;
|Common ground for 12V supply or 5V return&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|13&lt;br /&gt;
|CAN_EXT_H&lt;br /&gt;
|CANBus digital communication connection for remote interface with inverter&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|14&lt;br /&gt;
|CAN_EXT_L&lt;br /&gt;
|CANBus digital communication connection for remote interface with inverter&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|15&lt;br /&gt;
|VCC_5V&lt;br /&gt;
|&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;+5V supply for temperature and throttle sensors&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|16&lt;br /&gt;
|MG2_ENC_1&lt;br /&gt;
|Can be either digital input for encoder (in which case, connect the relevant encoder output here and provide the device with 5V and ground), or one of the two connections for the SIN winding if you are using a resolver for motor position.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|17&lt;br /&gt;
|MG2_ENC_2&lt;br /&gt;
|Can be either digital input for encoder (in which case, connect the relevant encoder output here and provide the device with 5V and ground), or one of the two connections for the COS winding if you are using a resolver for motor position.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|18&lt;br /&gt;
|GND&lt;br /&gt;
|Common ground for 12V supply or 5V return&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|19&lt;br /&gt;
|MG2_COSA&lt;br /&gt;
|Connect SIN winding of motor resolver here and to Encoder Channel A&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|20&lt;br /&gt;
|MG2_SINA&lt;br /&gt;
|Connect COS winding of motor resolver here and to Encoder Channel B&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|21&lt;br /&gt;
|MG2_EXCA&lt;br /&gt;
|Connect exciter winding of motor resolver here and to ground&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|22&lt;br /&gt;
|GND&lt;br /&gt;
|Common ground for 12V supply or 5V return&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|23&lt;br /&gt;
|MG2_STATOR_T1&lt;br /&gt;
|5V output for the motor temperature sensor. These are typically variable resistance devices. Connect one side of the sensor here.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|24&lt;br /&gt;
|MG2_STATOR_T2&lt;br /&gt;
|Input from motor temperature sensor. Connect the other side of the sensor here. &#039;&#039;&#039;(Note the board correction above. Do not connect if it hasn&#039;t been addressed by a new revision or work around)&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|25&lt;br /&gt;
|MAIN_CON&lt;br /&gt;
|Open Collector (Will switch the ground side from disconnected to ground). &lt;br /&gt;
Connect one side of the contactor coil to +12v and the other to this pin. Your contactor will need either a built in economiser or additional circuit. MAX 2 amp.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|26&lt;br /&gt;
|PRECHG_RLY&lt;br /&gt;
|Open Collector (Will switch the ground side from disconnected to ground). &lt;br /&gt;
Connect one side of the contactor coil to +12v and the other to this pin. Your contactor will need either a built in economiser or additional circuit. MAX 2 amp.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|27&lt;br /&gt;
|AC_CON&lt;br /&gt;
|Open Collector (Will switch the ground side from disconnected to ground). &lt;br /&gt;
Connect one side of the contactor coil to +12v and the other to this pin. Your contactor will need either a built in economiser or additional circuit. MAX 2 amp.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|28&lt;br /&gt;
|HV_CON&lt;br /&gt;
|?&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|29&lt;br /&gt;
|AC_PRECH&lt;br /&gt;
|Open Collector (Will switch the ground side from disconnected to ground). &lt;br /&gt;
Connect one side of the contactor coil to +12v and the other to this pin. Your contactor will need either a built in economiser or additional circuit. MAX 2 amp.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|30&lt;br /&gt;
|GND&lt;br /&gt;
|Common ground for 12V supply or 5V return&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|31&lt;br /&gt;
|EVSE_PROX&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|32&lt;br /&gt;
|CONTROL_PILOT&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|33&lt;br /&gt;
|CHG_CANH&lt;br /&gt;
|CANBus digital communication connection for remote interface with charger&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|34&lt;br /&gt;
|CHG_CANL&lt;br /&gt;
|CANBus digital communication connection for remote interface with charger&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Ampseal Socket &amp;amp; Plug ==&lt;br /&gt;
There are multiple part numbers for the large 35 way Ampseal through hole socket, with small mating differences, be sure to get a matching pair.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
TE connectivity &#039;&#039;&#039;776164-1&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;776163-1&#039;&#039;&#039; are a matched pair (source https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/Connector-ECU-Terminals-35P-35-Way-776164-1-776231-1-776163-1-Male-Female-Pins/401764868163?hash=item5d8b0d6043:g:3TkAAOSwexhc1Tcy&amp;lt;nowiki/&amp;gt;Ebay)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:AMPSeal socket (male).jpg|alt=|none|thumb|AMPSeal socket (male) in 3D printed surround with pins marked]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The AMPSeal connector is wired as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|Pin Number&lt;br /&gt;
|AMPSeal Pinout Label&lt;br /&gt;
|Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|1&lt;br /&gt;
|12V SUPPLY POSITIVE&lt;br /&gt;
|Provide with +12V supply from battery or power supply for testing&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|2&lt;br /&gt;
|GROUND&lt;br /&gt;
|Common ground for 12V supply or 5V return&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|3&lt;br /&gt;
|FORWARD DIRECTION SIGNAL&lt;br /&gt;
|Active high signal at 12V (switches at &amp;gt;7V) to tell the inverter which way to spin the motor. Take positive feed from 12V battery or supply and wire through a three position switch, with the switched connections running to forward and reverse.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|4&lt;br /&gt;
|REVERSE DIRECTION SIGNAL&lt;br /&gt;
|Active high signal at 12V (switches at &amp;gt;7V) to tell the inverter which way to spin the motor. Take positive feed from 12V battery or supply and wire through a three position switch, with the switched connections running to forward and reverse.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|5&lt;br /&gt;
|START SIGNAL&lt;br /&gt;
|Active high signal at 12V (switches at &amp;gt;7V) to start the inverter and move it from pre-charge to run mode. Typically connected to the momentary &#039;START&#039; position of your ignition switch.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|6&lt;br /&gt;
|BRAKE DIGITAL SIGNAL&lt;br /&gt;
|Active high signal at 12V (switches at &amp;gt;7V) to inform the inverter that the car is under braking. Typically takes a feed from the brake switch that also turns on brake lights etc.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|7&lt;br /&gt;
|CRUISE CONTROL SIGNAL&lt;br /&gt;
|Active high signal at 12V (switches at &amp;gt;7V) to turn on cruise control mode. This sets the current motor speed as the set point for cruise control. Cruise control is disabled by a signal from the brake switch.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|8&lt;br /&gt;
|5V OUT&lt;br /&gt;
| +5V supply for temperature and throttle sensors&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|9&lt;br /&gt;
|ACCELERATOR CHAN 1 INPUT&lt;br /&gt;
|5V analogue input from first channel of throttle sensor. These typically take a 5V supply and ground and return to this pin a variable voltage that indicates throttle position.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|10&lt;br /&gt;
|ACCELERATOR CHAN 2 INPUT&lt;br /&gt;
|5V analogue input from second channel of throttle sensor. These typically take a 5V supply and ground and return to this pin a variable voltage that indicates throttle position.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|11&lt;br /&gt;
|GROUND&lt;br /&gt;
|Common ground for 12V supply or 5V return.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|12&lt;br /&gt;
|INVERTER CAN HIGH&lt;br /&gt;
|CANBus digital communication connection for remote interface with inverter&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|13&lt;br /&gt;
|INVERTER CAN LOW&lt;br /&gt;
|CANBus digital communication connection for remote interface with inverter&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|14&lt;br /&gt;
| +5V OUT&lt;br /&gt;
| +5V supply for temperature and throttle sensors&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|15&lt;br /&gt;
|ENCODER CHAN A&lt;br /&gt;
|Can be either digital input for encoder (in which case, connect the relevant encoder output here and provide the device with 5V and ground), or one of the two connections for the SIN winding if you are using a resolver for motor position.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|16&lt;br /&gt;
|ENCODER CHAN B&lt;br /&gt;
|Can be either digital input for encoder (in which case, connect the relevant encoder output here and provide the device with 5V and ground), or one of the two connections for the COS winding if you are using a resolver for motor position.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|17&lt;br /&gt;
|GROUND&lt;br /&gt;
|Common ground for 12V supply or 5V return&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|18&lt;br /&gt;
|RESOLVER SIN&lt;br /&gt;
|Connect SIN winding of motor resolver here and to Encoder Channel A&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|19&lt;br /&gt;
|RESOLVER COS&lt;br /&gt;
|Connect COS winding of motor resolver here and to Encoder Channel B&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|20&lt;br /&gt;
|RESOLVER EXC&lt;br /&gt;
|Connect exciter winding of motor resolver here and to ground&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|21&lt;br /&gt;
|GROUND&lt;br /&gt;
|Common ground for 12V supply or 5V return&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|22&lt;br /&gt;
|MOTOR TEMP SENSOR T1&lt;br /&gt;
|5V output for the motor temperature sensor. These are typically variable resistance devices. Connect one side of the sensor here.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|23&lt;br /&gt;
|MOTOR TEMP SENSOR T2&lt;br /&gt;
|Input from motor temperature sensor. Connect the other side of the sensor here. &#039;&#039;&#039;(Note the board correction above. Do not connect if it hasn&#039;t been addressed by a new revision or work around)&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|24&lt;br /&gt;
|MAIN HV CONTACTOR&lt;br /&gt;
|Open Collector (Will switch the ground side from disconnected to ground).&lt;br /&gt;
Connect one side of the contactor coil to +12v and the other to this pin. Your contactor will need either a built in economiser or additional circuit. MAX 5 amp.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|25&lt;br /&gt;
|HV PRECHARGE RELAY&lt;br /&gt;
|Open Collector (Will switch the ground side from disconnected to ground). &lt;br /&gt;
Connect one side of the contactor coil to +12v and the other to this pin. Your contactor will need either a built in economiser or additional circuit. MAX 5 amp.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|26&lt;br /&gt;
|CHARGER AC INPUT RELAY&lt;br /&gt;
|Open Collector (Will switch the ground side from disconnected to ground). &lt;br /&gt;
Connect one side of the contactor coil to +12v and the other to this pin. Your contactor will need either a built in economiser or additional circuit. MAX 5 amp.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|27&lt;br /&gt;
|CHARGER HV DC REQUEST&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|28&lt;br /&gt;
|CHARGER AC PRECHARGE RELAY&lt;br /&gt;
|Open Collector (Will switch the ground side from disconnected to ground). &lt;br /&gt;
Connect one side of the contactor coil to +12v and the other to this pin. Your contactor will need either a built in economiser or additional circuit. MAX 5 amp.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|29&lt;br /&gt;
|GROUND&lt;br /&gt;
|Common ground for 12V supply or 5V return&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|30&lt;br /&gt;
|EVSE PROXIMITY SIGNAL&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|31&lt;br /&gt;
|EVSE CONTROL PILOT SIGNAL&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|32&lt;br /&gt;
|CHARGER CAN HIGH&lt;br /&gt;
|CANBus digital communication connection for remote interface with charger&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|33&lt;br /&gt;
|CHARGER CAN LOW&lt;br /&gt;
|CANBus digital communication connection for remote interface with charger&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|34&lt;br /&gt;
|NOT USED&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|35&lt;br /&gt;
|NOT USED&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Connecting Resolver ==&lt;br /&gt;
For resolver connect EXC to one side of the exciter winding and other to Ground.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Connect one side of SIN winding to SIN and other to Encoder A&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Conenct one side of COS winding to COS and other to encoder B.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Inverter as charger ==&lt;br /&gt;
The buck/boost module in the inverter can be used to step up or down an input voltage to charge the high voltage battery in the car. Stepping down to a lower voltage is buck and up is boost converting.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Buck Mode Charging. ===&lt;br /&gt;
This is what you need if your battery voltage will be lower than the rectified input (&amp;lt; 340v for 240v single phase, 600v for 3 phase)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There&#039;s some firmware for the Atmega on the EVBMW board to control the buck/boost in buck mode for charging.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
https://github.com/celeron55/prius3charger_buck&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Once you&#039;ve downloaded the code there&#039;s some things to change.&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;#define BATTERY_CHARGE_VOLTAGE 300    //Set this to your battery full voltage&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;#define AC_PRECHARGE_MINIMUM_VOLTAGE 550  // European 3-phase rectifies to 600V, Single Phase 240v rectifies to 340V&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;#define PRECHARGE_BOOST_ENABLED true.   // The capacitor needs pre-charging, there&#039;s 2 options, a pre-charge resistor on the A.C input or use the battery to boost to the input voltage.&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;#define PRECHARGE_BOOST_VOLTAGE 550  // European 3-phase rectifies to 600V, Single Phase 240v rectifies to 340V&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;The battery connection needs to be a little different. The battery + will need connecting to the left most terminal and a contactor will be needed to bridge the left most and right most when running.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:20200705 190723 2.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== 3D Printed Parts ==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:20210119 125158.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:20210119 110057.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:20210119 191934.jpg|none|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
User bobby_come_lately has created a fair few 3D printable parts for use with the inverter. They can be downloaded https://github.com/jamiejones85/Gen3PriusInverter3DParts&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Frequently Asked Questions ==&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;What happens when the inverter has an ERROR?&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;The Toyota driver error signals are connected to the pk_in pin on the stm32 so when the Inverter has an error it stops the PWM by giving the STM32 an interrupt signal. See [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?p=25460#p25460 Here]&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Notes ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://github.com/damienmaguire/Prius-Gen3-Inverter/tree/master/V2 Damien&#039;s Prius Gen3 v2 Github]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://github.com/damienmaguire/Prius-Gen3-Inverter/blob/master/V1c/PriusGen3HandPlacedParts.csv Bill of Hand Placed Parts] (Github)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://github.com/damienmaguire/Prius-Gen3-Inverter/blob/master/V2/PriusG3_V1b_BOM_JLC.xls?raw=true Bill of Materials] (Github)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The control board takes advantage of the [https://openinverter.org/wiki/Downloads OpenInverter.org software] for control.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:OEM]] [[Category:Toyota]] [[Category:Inverter]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:Toyota-gen-3-board---IC14.jpg&amp;diff=2861</id>
		<title>File:Toyota-gen-3-board---IC14.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:Toyota-gen-3-board---IC14.jpg&amp;diff=2861"/>
		<updated>2022-10-11T13:17:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;picture of IC14 on the board&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:Toyota-gen-3-board---IC12.jpg&amp;diff=2860</id>
		<title>File:Toyota-gen-3-board---IC12.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:Toyota-gen-3-board---IC12.jpg&amp;diff=2860"/>
		<updated>2022-10-11T13:16:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;picture of IC12 on the board&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:Toyota-gen-3-board---right_angled_pins.jpg&amp;diff=2859</id>
		<title>File:Toyota-gen-3-board---right angled pins.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:Toyota-gen-3-board---right_angled_pins.jpg&amp;diff=2859"/>
		<updated>2022-10-11T13:09:26Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Not the way to do it. The black plastic is meant to stop the Olimex connector and isn&#039;t to go into the main board&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=BMW_Hybrid_Battery_Pack&amp;diff=2652</id>
		<title>BMW Hybrid Battery Pack</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=BMW_Hybrid_Battery_Pack&amp;diff=2652"/>
		<updated>2022-07-20T10:27:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;In addition to the &#039;&#039;&#039;BMW 5 Series (G30) 530e&#039;&#039;&#039; the same battery pack can be found in the &#039;&#039;&#039;7 Series (G12) 740e&#039;&#039;&#039; as well as the &#039;&#039;&#039;X Series&#039;&#039;&#039; &#039;&#039;&#039;(F15) X5&#039;&#039;&#039;.  These battery packs consist of six battery modules yielding 351 volts. The same battery modules can be found in the &#039;&#039;&#039;3 Series (F30) 330e&#039;&#039;&#039; but in a smaller form factor made up of only five modules and 293 volts.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Battery Location.jpg|thumb|The battery pack is located under the rear seat.|alt=|none]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== First Gen (-2018) ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Electrical Energy Storage System in the 530e as well as the 740e has a code name of SP06 and a capacity of 26 Ah.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Second Gen (2019-present) ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The newer SP41 high-voltage battery was installed in the G30 as well as the G12 Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles starting in July of 2019. It has the same basic design as the SP06. The most significant change is the cell capacity increase from 26 Ah to 34 Ah.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Technical Specifications ====&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Technical data&lt;br /&gt;
!5 Series G30 PHEV (SP06)&lt;br /&gt;
-2018&lt;br /&gt;
!5 Series G30 PHEV (SP41)&lt;br /&gt;
2019-2022&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Voltage&lt;br /&gt;
|351.4 V (nominal voltage)&lt;br /&gt;
|355 V (nominal voltage)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Voltage Range&lt;br /&gt;
|Min. 269 V – Max. 398 V&lt;br /&gt;
|Min. 269 V – Max. 403 V&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Battery cells&lt;br /&gt;
|Lithium-ion&lt;br /&gt;
|Lithium-ion&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Number of battery cells&lt;br /&gt;
|96 in series&lt;br /&gt;
|96 in series&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Number of cell modules&lt;br /&gt;
|6&lt;br /&gt;
|6&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cell voltage&lt;br /&gt;
|3.66 V&lt;br /&gt;
|3.70 V&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Capacitance&lt;br /&gt;
|26 Ah&lt;br /&gt;
|34 Ah&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Storable amount of energy&lt;br /&gt;
|9.2 kWh&lt;br /&gt;
|12 kWh&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Usable energy&lt;br /&gt;
|7.4 kWh&lt;br /&gt;
|10.4 kWh&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Max. power (discharge)&lt;br /&gt;
|83 kW (short-term)&lt;br /&gt;
|83 kW (short-term)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Maximum power (AC charging)&lt;br /&gt;
|3.7 kW&lt;br /&gt;
|3.7 kW&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Weight&lt;br /&gt;
|248 lbs (without retaining brackets)&lt;br /&gt;
|261 lbs (without retaining brackets)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dimensions&lt;br /&gt;
|541 mm x 1134 mm x 271 mm&lt;br /&gt;
|541 mm x 1134 mm x 271 mm&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cooling system&lt;br /&gt;
|Refrigerant R1234yf&lt;br /&gt;
|Refrigerant R1234yf&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Battery Management System, BMS ====&lt;br /&gt;
There is a SimpBMS version available on GitHub called &#039;&#039;&#039;BMWPhevBMS&#039;&#039;&#039; https://github.com/Tom-evnut/BMWPhevBMS created by Tome de Bree.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Part Numbers ====&lt;br /&gt;
and here&#039;s how the six cell modules are connected together with the high voltage orange wires&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:High Voltage Cables.jpg|thumb|High Voltage Cables|alt=|none]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;1 Part Number: 61278621016 Main Negative (runs from Cell Module #1 to the Safety Box #8 front connector)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;2 Part Number: 61278621017 Connects Cell Module #2 to Cell Module #3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;3 Part Number: 61278621018 Connects Cell Module #3 to Cell Module #4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;4 Part Number:61278621019 Connects Cell Module #4 to Cell Module #5&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;? Part Number:??????????? Connects Cell Module #5 to Cell Module #6&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;5 Part Number: 61278621020 Main Positive (runs from Cell Module #6 to the Safety Box #7 front connector)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;6 Part Number: 61278618444 Connects Cell Module #1 to Cell Module #2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;===========================================================&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;7 Part Number: 61278650791 External Connector Positive&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;8 Part Number: 61278650793 External Connector Negative&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Additional Resources ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* More [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=20&amp;amp;t=709 Info on BMW hybrid battery packs?] can be found on the Open Inverter forum.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Pinout - Main battery connector ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Pin assignments at plug connector A332*1B ==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Pin&lt;br /&gt;
!Type&lt;br /&gt;
!Description /Signal type&lt;br /&gt;
!Connection /Measuring information&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|1&lt;br /&gt;
|E&lt;br /&gt;
|Supply, terminal 30&lt;br /&gt;
|Power distribution box, rear&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|2&lt;br /&gt;
|E&lt;br /&gt;
|High-voltage interlock loop signal&lt;br /&gt;
|Electric-machine electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|3&lt;br /&gt;
|E&lt;br /&gt;
|Terminal 30c signal&lt;br /&gt;
|Connector, terminal 30C&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|4&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|5&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|6&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|Yellow/Green wire inside battery - Use unknown&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|7&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|8&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|9&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|10&lt;br /&gt;
|A&lt;br /&gt;
|Supply&lt;br /&gt;
|Refrigerant shutoff valve, high-voltage battery unit&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|11&lt;br /&gt;
|A&lt;br /&gt;
|Activation&lt;br /&gt;
|Refrigerant shutoff valve, high-voltage battery unit&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|12&lt;br /&gt;
|M&lt;br /&gt;
|Ground&lt;br /&gt;
|Ground point&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|13&lt;br /&gt;
|E/A&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN bus signal L&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN5 bus connection&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|14&lt;br /&gt;
|E/A&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN bus signal H&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN5 bus connection&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|15&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN bus signal L&lt;br /&gt;
|Put a 120Ohm resistor across these to terminate pack&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|16&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN bus signal H&lt;br /&gt;
|Put a 120Ohm resistor across these to terminate pack&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|17&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|18&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|19&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|20&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|21&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|22&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|23&lt;br /&gt;
|E&lt;br /&gt;
|High-voltage interlock loop signal&lt;br /&gt;
|High-voltage safety connector&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|24&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:OEM]] [[Category:BMW]] [[Category:Battery]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=BMW_Hybrid_Battery_Pack&amp;diff=2651</id>
		<title>BMW Hybrid Battery Pack</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=BMW_Hybrid_Battery_Pack&amp;diff=2651"/>
		<updated>2022-07-20T10:26:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;In addition to the &#039;&#039;&#039;BMW 5 Series (G30) 530e&#039;&#039;&#039; the same battery pack can be found in the &#039;&#039;&#039;7 Series (G12) 740e&#039;&#039;&#039; as well as the &#039;&#039;&#039;X Series&#039;&#039;&#039; &#039;&#039;&#039;(F15) X5&#039;&#039;&#039;.  These battery packs consist of six battery modules yielding 351 volts. The same battery modules can be found in the &#039;&#039;&#039;3 Series (F30) 330e&#039;&#039;&#039; but in a smaller form factor made up of only five modules and 293 volts.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Battery Location.jpg|thumb|The battery pack is located under the rear seat.|alt=|left]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== First Gen (-2018) ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Electrical Energy Storage System in the 530e as well as the 740e has a code name of SP06 and a capacity of 26 Ah.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Second Gen (2019-present) ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The newer SP41 high-voltage battery was installed in the G30 as well as the G12 Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles starting in July of 2019. It has the same basic design as the SP06. The most significant change is the cell capacity increase from 26 Ah to 34 Ah.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Technical Specifications ====&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Technical data&lt;br /&gt;
!5 Series G30 PHEV (SP06)&lt;br /&gt;
-2018&lt;br /&gt;
!5 Series G30 PHEV (SP41)&lt;br /&gt;
2019-2022&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Voltage&lt;br /&gt;
|351.4 V (nominal voltage)&lt;br /&gt;
|355 V (nominal voltage)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Voltage Range&lt;br /&gt;
|Min. 269 V – Max. 398 V&lt;br /&gt;
|Min. 269 V – Max. 403 V&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Battery cells&lt;br /&gt;
|Lithium-ion&lt;br /&gt;
|Lithium-ion&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Number of battery cells&lt;br /&gt;
|96 in series&lt;br /&gt;
|96 in series&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Number of cell modules&lt;br /&gt;
|6&lt;br /&gt;
|6&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cell voltage&lt;br /&gt;
|3.66 V&lt;br /&gt;
|3.70 V&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Capacitance&lt;br /&gt;
|26 Ah&lt;br /&gt;
|34 Ah&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Storable amount of energy&lt;br /&gt;
|9.2 kWh&lt;br /&gt;
|12 kWh&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Usable energy&lt;br /&gt;
|7.4 kWh&lt;br /&gt;
|10.4 kWh&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Max. power (discharge)&lt;br /&gt;
|83 kW (short-term)&lt;br /&gt;
|83 kW (short-term)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Maximum power (AC charging)&lt;br /&gt;
|3.7 kW&lt;br /&gt;
|3.7 kW&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Weight&lt;br /&gt;
|248 lbs (without retaining brackets)&lt;br /&gt;
|261 lbs (without retaining brackets)&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Dimensions&lt;br /&gt;
|541 mm x 1134 mm x 271 mm&lt;br /&gt;
|541 mm x 1134 mm x 271 mm&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Cooling system&lt;br /&gt;
|Refrigerant R1234yf&lt;br /&gt;
|Refrigerant R1234yf&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Battery Management System, BMS ====&lt;br /&gt;
There is a SimpBMS version available on GitHub called &#039;&#039;&#039;BMWPhevBMS&#039;&#039;&#039; https://github.com/Tom-evnut/BMWPhevBMS created by Tome de Bree.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Part Numbers ====&lt;br /&gt;
and here&#039;s how the six cell modules are connected together with the high voltage orange wires&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:High Voltage Cables.jpg|thumb|High Voltage Cables|alt=|left]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;1 Part Number: 61278621016 Main Negative (runs from Cell Module #1 to the Safety Box #8 front connector)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;2 Part Number: 61278621017 Connects Cell Module #2 to Cell Module #3&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;3 Part Number: 61278621018 Connects Cell Module #3 to Cell Module #4&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;4 Part Number:61278621019 Connects Cell Module #4 to Cell Module #5&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;? Part Number:??????????? Connects Cell Module #5 to Cell Module #6&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;5 Part Number: 61278621020 Main Positive (runs from Cell Module #6 to the Safety Box #7 front connector)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;6 Part Number: 61278618444 Connects Cell Module #1 to Cell Module #2&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;===========================================================&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;7 Part Number: 61278650791 External Connector Positive&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;#&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;8 Part Number: 61278650793 External Connector Negative&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Additional Resources ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* More [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=20&amp;amp;t=709 Info on BMW hybrid battery packs?] can be found on the Open Inverter forum.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==== Pinout - Main battery connector ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Pin assignments at plug connector A332*1B ==&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Pin&lt;br /&gt;
!Type&lt;br /&gt;
!Description /Signal type&lt;br /&gt;
!Connection /Measuring information&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|1&lt;br /&gt;
|E&lt;br /&gt;
|Supply, terminal 30&lt;br /&gt;
|Power distribution box, rear&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|2&lt;br /&gt;
|E&lt;br /&gt;
|High-voltage interlock loop signal&lt;br /&gt;
|Electric-machine electronics&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|3&lt;br /&gt;
|E&lt;br /&gt;
|Terminal 30c signal&lt;br /&gt;
|Connector, terminal 30C&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|4&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|5&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|6&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|Yellow/Green wire inside battery - Use unknown&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|7&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|8&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|9&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|10&lt;br /&gt;
|A&lt;br /&gt;
|Supply&lt;br /&gt;
|Refrigerant shutoff valve, high-voltage battery unit&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|11&lt;br /&gt;
|A&lt;br /&gt;
|Activation&lt;br /&gt;
|Refrigerant shutoff valve, high-voltage battery unit&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|12&lt;br /&gt;
|M&lt;br /&gt;
|Ground&lt;br /&gt;
|Ground point&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|13&lt;br /&gt;
|E/A&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN bus signal L&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN5 bus connection&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|14&lt;br /&gt;
|E/A&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN bus signal H&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN5 bus connection&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|15&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN bus signal L&lt;br /&gt;
|Put a 120Ohm resistor across these to terminate pack&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|16&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|K-CAN bus signal H&lt;br /&gt;
|Put a 120Ohm resistor across these to terminate pack&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|17&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|18&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|19&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|20&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|21&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|22&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|23&lt;br /&gt;
|E&lt;br /&gt;
|High-voltage interlock loop signal&lt;br /&gt;
|High-voltage safety connector&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|24&lt;br /&gt;
| --&lt;br /&gt;
|Not used&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:OEM]] [[Category:BMW]] [[Category:Battery]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=ZombieVerter_VCU&amp;diff=1639</id>
		<title>ZombieVerter VCU</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=ZombieVerter_VCU&amp;diff=1639"/>
		<updated>2021-07-26T09:05:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: /* Hardware */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;Now available for general sale [https://www.evbmw.com/index.php/evbmw-webshop/vcu-boards here].&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Development continues&#039;&#039;&#039; and you can&lt;br /&gt;
[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&amp;amp;t=1277 follow and contribute along with the development here on the forum]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&amp;amp;t=1696 &#039;&#039;&#039;Support&#039;&#039;&#039; is available via a separate thread on the forum]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
Rather than crack open inverters and swap components about to drive them, what if we simply send them the messages they&#039;re expecting? This has been the case with a couple of existing designs (Nissan leaf inverter and GS450H) and thanks to the SAM3X8E microcontroller no longer being stocked by JLCPCB this project looks to take it further.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So rather than driving an inverter powerstage this version sends CAN for the Leaf inverter or Sync serial for the GS450H and of course can be expanded to any number of others. This will be the default firmware for all vcu products from now on and future hardware will support future fun packed stuff like FLEXRAY!!!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s basically an &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;rip off&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; homage and builds on other people&#039;s hard work in the shape of the following projects&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/jsphuebner/stm32-car STM32-CAR project] &lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/jsphuebner/stm32-sine Openinverter]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/Isaac96/SimpleISA ISA library]&lt;br /&gt;
* Leaf inverter driver by Celeron55&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What we have as of now is the openinverter wrapper with things like :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Throttle cal and mapping,&lt;br /&gt;
* Precharge and contactor control,&lt;br /&gt;
* Temp derating,&lt;br /&gt;
* BMS limits,&lt;br /&gt;
* for/rev/neutral control,&lt;br /&gt;
* Graphing and monitoring,&lt;br /&gt;
* Firmware updates via the web interface,&lt;br /&gt;
* Cruise control,&lt;br /&gt;
* Fuel gauge driver,&lt;br /&gt;
* etc , etc&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Hardware==&lt;br /&gt;
So you&#039;ve ordered your kit, first things first, watch the following video to assemble it. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Due to chip shortages (written summer 2021) the board isn&#039;t fully assembled so you will need to do some soldering, or take it to a local phone repair shop (or similar) who&#039;ll find soldering at this scale like playing with Duplo.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;The enclosure kit links:&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Enclosure Kit with Header, connector and pins :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
https://www.aliexpress.com/item/32857771975.html?spm=a2g0s.9042311.0.0.39f24c4dWOmGPE&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Prewired connector with 3M leads :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
https://www.aliexpress.com/item/4001213569338.html?spm=a2g0o.cart.0.0.366c3c00qhBvGO&amp;amp;mp=1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;youtube&amp;gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=geZuIbGHh30&amp;lt;/youtube&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Pin Out Diagram&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:ZombieVerter VCU V1 cable side pinout.jpg|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Software==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
https://github.com/damienmaguire/Stm32-vcu/tree/LIM_ST107&lt;br /&gt;
==Supported OEM Hardware==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Nissan Leaf Gen1/2/3 Inverter and motor&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lexus GS450H inverter / gearbox via sync serial&lt;br /&gt;
* Toyota Prius/Yaris/Auris Gen 3 inverters via sync serial&lt;br /&gt;
*BMW E46 CAN support&lt;br /&gt;
*BMW E39 CAN support&lt;br /&gt;
*BMW E65 CAN Support&lt;br /&gt;
*CCS DC Fast Charge via BMW i3 LIM&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Getting_started_with_CAN_bus&amp;diff=1616</id>
		<title>Getting started with CAN bus</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Getting_started_with_CAN_bus&amp;diff=1616"/>
		<updated>2021-06-29T14:30:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;This page will help get you started with CAN bus.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some people will tell you CAN is hard or complicated. They&#039;re wrong. The hardware you need isn&#039;t expensive and you don&#039;t need to be a programming whiz. Even Damien can do it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;youtube&amp;gt;https://youtu.be/K4HwHQOluSg&amp;lt;/youtube&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are a few routes you can take, depending on what you want to do:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== I want to receive or send simple CAN bus messages... ==&lt;br /&gt;
If you already know which CAN bus messages you want to send or receive, one of the cheapest ways to do this is with an [[Getting started with CAN bus and an Arduino Uno|Arduino Uno and a suitable CAN bus shield]]. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== I want to analyse CAN bus traffic and possibly do some serious hacking... ==&lt;br /&gt;
If you want to analyse CAN bus messages on an existing vehicle, you&#039;ll need the help of some software. You can use the free [https://www.savvycan.com SavvyCAN software] together with a [[CAN bus with Arduino Due|suitably configured Arduino Due]] or [[Getting CAN working on a Teensy 3.6|Teensy]]. Alternatively, you can buy a [http://store.evtv.me/proddetail.php?prod=ArduinoDueCANBUS pre-configured Due-based kit from EVTV].     &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;youtube&amp;gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsrXs-tJKaY&amp;lt;/youtube&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== I want to build a CAN bus device... ==&lt;br /&gt;
Once you&#039;ve got your CAN messages sorted, you can build a dedicated device to send or receive those messages. For example, you could build a custom battery gauge. Or add a touch screen controller. Anything is possible! If you want, you can just use the Arduino hardware described above. Alternatively, something small and reasonably robust like a [https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/techspecs.html Teensy 3.x] might be a better choice for a permanent solution. Here&#039;s a quick-start guide to [[getting CAN working on a Teensy 3.6]].&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=1615</id>
		<title>Main Page Old</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=1615"/>
		<updated>2021-06-29T14:25:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Welcome to the openinverter.org Wiki Site. Everyone registered at the [https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php forum] can login here with the same username and password and can make changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Before you begin: =&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Please take the time to read.&#039;&#039;&#039; The information provided on this wiki and the support forums is intended as information only. The Open Inverter project and it&#039;s contributors take no responsibility for how you use the information contained within these pages, nor any liability for injuries, or death, that may result from your actions. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You undertake &#039;&#039;&#039;your&#039;&#039;&#039; project at &#039;&#039;&#039;your own risk.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Introduction =&lt;br /&gt;
Open inverter is a suite of open source hardware and software projects for building, modifying and controlling a variety of power electronics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
projects originates from Johannes Hübner building a opensource ac motor controller, dubbed the &amp;quot;open inverter&amp;quot;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The project now has spanned over many different areas in ev and hybrid vehicles components, such as: &lt;br /&gt;
* AC motor controllers &lt;br /&gt;
* 1-3 phase power converters &lt;br /&gt;
* dc/dc converts &lt;br /&gt;
* buck/boost converters &lt;br /&gt;
* battery management systems &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With the rising popularity and avalibity of hybrid and electric vehicles, there is a growing supply of parts. The open inverter community&#039;s goal is to repurpose many of these components for ev conversions and other projects.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The open inverter community is growing and moving quite quickly, to stay up-to-date with the latest developments and findings, please check out the [https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php forums]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
consider contributing to [https://www.patreon.com/openinverter www.patreon.com/openinverter] and to https://www.evbmw.com/ &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The open inverter motor controller project consists of three main aspects: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Hardware&lt;br /&gt;
!Firmware&lt;br /&gt;
!Web Interface&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|The design and development of the [[Main Board Version 3|control hardware]] based around an STM32F103 chip. This provides the control signals to the power stage and on to the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|The development of the code that goes on the STM32F103 chips and determines, amongst other things what signals are sent to the power stage and the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|Using an ESP8266 chip, the development of a simple [[Web Interface|web based interface]] to adjust the parameters on the firmware chip and to display values returned from the chip, for example motor speed (RPM).&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Getting Started =&lt;br /&gt;
=== Inverter variants available: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
==== Open Inverter (Core Project/s) ====&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
==== Open Inverter Related Projects / Control Boards ====&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;core universal hardware and software components&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;custom hardware and software designed to work with particular components.&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;which are based on the core open inverter hardware or software stack.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ZombieVerter VCU&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[ZombieVerter VCU]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Web Interface (ZombieVerter VCU)|Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[OEM component compatibility]]&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Tesla|Tesla Small Drive and Large Drive Units:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
commonly there is a large drive unit and small drive unit available. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These combine the inverter and motor into a single package. The &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
control boards for these replace the existing control board within them.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== Open Inverter Hardware ======&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hardware Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Schematics and Instructions]] - for the &amp;quot;vanilla&amp;quot; inverter kit.&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 1]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sense Boards]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gate Driver]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sensor Board|Legacy Sensor Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OEM Repurposing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Lexus GS450h Inverter|Lexus GS450h Inverter / VCU:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
the GS450h provides a gearbox (where the motors are located) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
combined with the original inverter, this board looks to control &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
the inverter and the gearbox itself to provide a powerful set up &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
suitable for rear wheel drive set ups, replacing the existing &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
longitudinally mounted gearbox.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Toyota Prius Gen3 Board|Prius Generation 3 Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
a cheap available inverter from the popular Prius hybrid, this &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
board goes inside that inverter and allows you to control the features of it.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== &#039;&#039;&#039;Open Inverter Software&#039;&#039;&#039; ======&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Using FOC Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Downloads]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Features]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Battery Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Errors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN communication]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Parameters]] (Tune your inverter)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Configuration Files]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Software Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Open Inverter Testing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Auris/Yaris Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
similar to the Prius board, there&#039;s subtle differences between them and &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
therefore the need for a separate board.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Nissan Leaf VCU|Nissan Leaf VCM:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
this vehicle control board plugs into the Nissan Leaf inverter externally &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
and controls it via CAN  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Nissan Leaf Gen2 Board]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
replaces the nissan OEM logic board with a rev 3 openiverter board for full control&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[[OEM Repurposing|All Control Boards / OEM Inverters]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== CAN communication ======&lt;br /&gt;
Common across boards is the ability to communicate with a CAN Bus, which is a &#039;control area network&#039; or a technical way of saying how various components, sensors, controls, etc communicate with one another within the car. &#039;&#039;&#039;Read more about [[CAN communication|CAN Communication]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also a project to standardise the messages across the various control boards, [[Introduction CAN STD|read more]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
==== Parameters ====&lt;br /&gt;
The openinverter firmware uses a set of about 70 parameters to adapt it to different inverter power stages, motors and position feedback systems. Also it lets you calibrate the throttle pedal, change regenerative braking settings and so on. Working parameter sets can be found in the [https://openinverter.org/parameters openinverter parameter database]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== Use inverter as a battery Charger ======&lt;br /&gt;
Both the open inverter and some OEM inverters can be used as a battery charger, further saving on component costs. You can read more about how the open inverter and the theory of charging [[Battery Charging|here]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Additional Components ===&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have the [[Inverters|inverter]], you will need additional components for your EV conversion:&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Motors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Batteries]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Charger|Chargers and charge controllers]] &lt;br /&gt;
* [[DC/DC Converter|DC/DC Converters]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[HV Junction Box]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Heaters]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Other various components&lt;br /&gt;
** Vacuum Pumps&lt;br /&gt;
** Heaters&lt;br /&gt;
** Air Conditioning&lt;br /&gt;
** Information Displays&lt;br /&gt;
** etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Existing information on these items can be found on the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[EV Conversion Parts]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you need help with your EV conversion check out my &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;consulting offers&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, if you want to support the project &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;visit the shop&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, become a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Patron&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or send donations to paypal &#039;at&#039; johanneshuebner.com .&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;--&amp;gt;= FAQs =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Common Inverter FAQ]] - questions common to all hardware variants&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla Inverter FAQ]] - questions regarding Tesla Large Drive Units and Small Drive Units&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter CAN std. =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Introduction CAN STD|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN table CAN STD|CAN table]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Getting started with CAN bus]]  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Glossary of Terms =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Glossary of Terms]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Legalities =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Legalities|Legalities around conversion projects]]&lt;br /&gt;
Different countries have different legislation, if you want you car to certified for the road in your country please take the time to review this section.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Conversion Projects =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[VW Polo 86C Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Touran Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=326&amp;amp;hilit=gt86 toyota gt86 nissan leaf motor] &lt;br /&gt;
* [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=210 Porsche Boxster 986 Tesla conversion]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewforum.php?f=11 Further Projects on the forum]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= OEM Parts =&lt;br /&gt;
* https://www.ultimatespecs.com/electric-hybrid-cars&lt;br /&gt;
* [[BMW]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Isabellenhütte Heusler]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Mercedes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nissan]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Toyota]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Mistubishi]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Volkswagon]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=ZombieVerter_VCU&amp;diff=1614</id>
		<title>ZombieVerter VCU</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=ZombieVerter_VCU&amp;diff=1614"/>
		<updated>2021-06-29T14:22:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;Now available for general sale [https://www.evbmw.com/index.php/evbmw-webshop/vcu-boards here].&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Development continues&#039;&#039;&#039; and you can&lt;br /&gt;
[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&amp;amp;t=1277 follow and contribute along with the development here on the forum]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&amp;amp;t=1696 &#039;&#039;&#039;Support&#039;&#039;&#039; is available via a separate thread on the forum]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
Rather than crack open inverters and swap components about to drive them, what if we simply send them the messages they&#039;re expecting? This has been the case with a couple of existing designs (Nissan leaf inverter and GS450H) and thanks to the SAM3X8E microcontroller no longer being stocked by JLCPCB this project looks to take it further.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So rather than driving an inverter powerstage this version sends CAN for the Leaf inverter or Sync serial for the GS450H and of course can be expanded to any number of others. This will be the default firmware for all vcu products from now on and future hardware will support future fun packed stuff like FLEXRAY!!!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s basically an &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;rip off&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; homage and builds on other people&#039;s hard work in the shape of the following projects&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/jsphuebner/stm32-car STM32-CAR project] &lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/jsphuebner/stm32-sine Openinverter]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/Isaac96/SimpleISA ISA library]&lt;br /&gt;
* Leaf inverter driver by Celeron55&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What we have as of now is the openinverter wrapper with things like :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Throttle cal and mapping,&lt;br /&gt;
* Precharge and contactor control,&lt;br /&gt;
* Temp derating,&lt;br /&gt;
* BMS limits,&lt;br /&gt;
* for/rev/neutral control,&lt;br /&gt;
* Graphing and monitoring,&lt;br /&gt;
* Firmware updates via the web interface,&lt;br /&gt;
* Cruise control,&lt;br /&gt;
* Fuel gauge driver,&lt;br /&gt;
* etc , etc&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Hardware ==&lt;br /&gt;
Pin Out Diagram&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:ZombieVerter VCU V1 cable side pinout.jpg|thumb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Software ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Supported OEM Hardware ==&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:ZombieVerter_VCU_V1_cable_side_pinout.jpg&amp;diff=1613</id>
		<title>File:ZombieVerter VCU V1 cable side pinout.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:ZombieVerter_VCU_V1_cable_side_pinout.jpg&amp;diff=1613"/>
		<updated>2021-06-29T14:21:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;ZombieVerter VCU V1 cable side pinout&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=ZombieVerter_VCU&amp;diff=1612</id>
		<title>ZombieVerter VCU</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=ZombieVerter_VCU&amp;diff=1612"/>
		<updated>2021-06-29T14:05:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: Added some additional elements in to start fleshing out the page contents&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;Now available for general sale [https://www.evbmw.com/index.php/evbmw-webshop/vcu-boards here].&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Development continues&#039;&#039;&#039; and you can&lt;br /&gt;
[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&amp;amp;t=1277 follow and contribute along with the development here on the forum]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&amp;amp;t=1696 &#039;&#039;&#039;Support&#039;&#039;&#039; is available via a separate thread on the forum]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
Rather than crack open inverters and swap components about to drive them, what if we simply send them the messages they&#039;re expecting? This has been the case with a couple of existing designs (Nissan leaf inverter and GS450H) and thanks to the SAM3X8E microcontroller no longer being stocked by JLCPCB this project looks to take it further.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So rather than driving an inverter powerstage this version sends CAN for the Leaf inverter or Sync serial for the GS450H and of course can be expanded to any number of others. This will be the default firmware for all vcu products from now on and future hardware will support future fun packed stuff like FLEXRAY!!!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s basically an &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;rip off&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; homage and builds on other people&#039;s hard work in the shape of the following projects&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/jsphuebner/stm32-car STM32-CAR project] &lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/jsphuebner/stm32-sine Openinverter]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/Isaac96/SimpleISA ISA library]&lt;br /&gt;
* Leaf inverter driver by Celeron55&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What we have as of now is the openinverter wrapper with things like :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Throttle cal and mapping,&lt;br /&gt;
* Precharge and contactor control,&lt;br /&gt;
* Temp derating,&lt;br /&gt;
* BMS limits,&lt;br /&gt;
* for/rev/neutral control,&lt;br /&gt;
* Graphing and monitoring,&lt;br /&gt;
* Firmware updates via the web interface,&lt;br /&gt;
* Cruise control,&lt;br /&gt;
* Fuel gauge driver,&lt;br /&gt;
* etc , etc&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Hardware ==&lt;br /&gt;
Pin Out Diagram&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Software ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Supported OEM Hardware ==&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=ZombieVerter_VCU&amp;diff=1445</id>
		<title>ZombieVerter VCU</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=ZombieVerter_VCU&amp;diff=1445"/>
		<updated>2021-03-20T17:07:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;PLEASE NOTE : This is a development project.&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;It is not and will not be available for sale until such time as it has been sufficiently tested.&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&amp;amp;t=1277 Follow along with the development here on the forum]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Introduction ===&lt;br /&gt;
Rather than crack open inverters and swap components about to drive them, what if we simply send them the messages they&#039;re expecting? This has been the case with a couple of existing designs (Nissan leaf inverter and GS450H) and thanks to the SAM3X8E microcontroller no longer being stocked by JLCPCB this project looks to take it further.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So rather than driving an inverter powerstage this version sends CAN for the Leaf inverter or Sync serial for the GS450H and of course can be expanded to any number of others. This will be the default firmware for all vcu products from now on and future hardware will support future fun packed stuff like FLEXRAY!!!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s basically an &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;rip off&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; homage and builds on other people&#039;s hard work in the shape of the following projects&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/jsphuebner/stm32-car STM32-CAR project] &lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/jsphuebner/stm32-sine Openinverter]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://github.com/Isaac96/SimpleISA ISA library]&lt;br /&gt;
* Leaf inverter driver by Celeron55&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What we have as of now is the openinverter wrapper with things like :&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Throttle cal and mapping,&lt;br /&gt;
* Precharge and contactor control,&lt;br /&gt;
* Temp derating,&lt;br /&gt;
* BMS limits,&lt;br /&gt;
* for/rev/neutral control,&lt;br /&gt;
* Graphing and monitoring,&lt;br /&gt;
* Firmware updates via the web interface,&lt;br /&gt;
* Cruise control,&lt;br /&gt;
* Fuel gauge driver,&lt;br /&gt;
* etc , etc&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=ZombieVerter_VCU&amp;diff=1444</id>
		<title>ZombieVerter VCU</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=ZombieVerter_VCU&amp;diff=1444"/>
		<updated>2021-03-20T16:24:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: Created page with &amp;quot;Project Page&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Project Page&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=1443</id>
		<title>Main Page Old</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=1443"/>
		<updated>2021-03-20T16:24:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Welcome to the openinverter.org Wiki Site. Everyone registered at the [https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php forum] can login here with the same username and password and can make changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Before you begin: =&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Please take the time to read.&#039;&#039;&#039; The information provided on this wiki and the support forums is intended as information only. The Open Inverter project and it&#039;s contributors take no responsibility for how you use the information contained within these pages, nor any liability for injuries, or death, that may result from your actions. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You undertake &#039;&#039;&#039;your&#039;&#039;&#039; project at &#039;&#039;&#039;your own risk.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Introduction =&lt;br /&gt;
Open inverter is a suite of open source hardware and software projects for building, modifying and controlling a variety of power electronics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
projects originates from Johannes Hübner building a opensource ac motor controller, dubbed the &amp;quot;open inverter&amp;quot;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The project now has spanned over many different areas in ev and hybrid vehicles components, such as: &lt;br /&gt;
* AC motor controllers &lt;br /&gt;
* 1-3 phase power converters &lt;br /&gt;
* dc/dc converts &lt;br /&gt;
* buck/boost converters &lt;br /&gt;
* battery management systems &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With the rising popularity and avalibity of hybrid and electric vehicles, there is a growing supply of parts. The open inverter community&#039;s goal is to repurpose many of these components for ev conversions and other projects.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The open inverter community is growing and moving quite quickly, to stay up-to-date with the latest developments and findings, please check out the [https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php forums]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
consider contributing to [https://www.patreon.com/openinverter www.patreon.com/openinverter] and to https://www.evbmw.com/ &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The open inverter motor controller project consists of three main aspects: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Hardware&lt;br /&gt;
!Firmware&lt;br /&gt;
!Web Interface&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|The design and development of the [[Main Board Version 3|control hardware]] based around an STM32F103 chip. This provides the control signals to the power stage and on to the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|The development of the code that goes on the STM32F103 chips and determines, amongst other things what signals are sent to the power stage and the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|Using an ESP8266 chip, the development of a simple web based interface to adjust the parameters on the firmware chip and to display values returned from the chip, for example motor speed (RPM).&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Getting Started =&lt;br /&gt;
=== Inverter variants available: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
==== Open Inverter (Core Project/s) ====&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
==== Open Inverter Related Projects / Control Boards ====&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;core universal hardware and software components&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;custom hardware and software designed to work with particular components.&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;which are based on the core open inverter hardware or software stack.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ZombieVerter VCU (Testing/Developement - NOT for sale at present)&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[ZombieVerter VCU]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Web Interface (ZombieVerter VCU)|Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[OEM component compatibility]]&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Tesla|Tesla Small Drive and Large Drive Units:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
commonly there is a large drive unit and small drive unit available. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These combine the inverter and motor into a single package. The &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
control boards for these replace the existing control board within them.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== Open Inverter Hardware ======&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hardware Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Schematics and Instructions]] - for the &amp;quot;vanilla&amp;quot; inverter kit.&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 1]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sense Boards]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gate Driver]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sensor Board|Legacy Sensor Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OEM Repurposing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Lexus GS450h Inverter|Lexus GS450h Inverter / VCU:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
the GS450h provides a gearbox (where the motors are located) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
combined with the original inverter, this board looks to control &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
the inverter and the gearbox itself to provide a powerful set up &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
suitable for rear wheel drive set ups, replacing the existing &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
longitudinally mounted gearbox.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Toyota Prius Gen3 Board|Prius Generation 3 Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
a cheap available inverter from the popular Prius hybrid, this &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
board goes inside that inverter and allows you to control the features of it.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== &#039;&#039;&#039;Open Inverter Software&#039;&#039;&#039; ======&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Using FOC Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Downloads]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Features]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Battery Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Errors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN communication]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Parameters]] (Tune your inverter)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Configuration Files]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Software Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Open Inverter Testing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Auris/Yaris Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
similar to the Prius board, there&#039;s subtle differences between them and &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
therefore the need for a separate board.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Nissan Leaf VCU|Nissan Leaf VCM:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
this vehicle control board plugs into the Nissan Leaf inverter externally &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
and controls it via CAN  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Nissan Leaf Gen2 Board]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
replaces the nissan OEM logic board with a rev 3 openiverter board for full control&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[[OEM Repurposing|All Control Boards / OEM Inverters]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== CAN communication ======&lt;br /&gt;
Common across boards is the ability to communicate with a CAN Bus, which is a &#039;control area network&#039; or a technical way of saying how various components, sensors, controls, etc communicate with one another within the car. &#039;&#039;&#039;Read more about [[CAN communication|CAN Communication]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also a project to standardise the messages across the various control boards, [[Introduction CAN STD|read more]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== Use inverter as a battery Charger ======&lt;br /&gt;
Both the open inverter and some OEM inverters can be used as a battery charger, further saving on component costs. You can read more about how the open inverter and the theory of charging [[Battery Charging|here]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Further Components ===&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have the [[Inverters|inverter]], you will need additional components for your EV conversion:&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Motors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Batteries]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Charger]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[DC/DC Converter]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[HV Junction Box]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Other various components&lt;br /&gt;
** Vacuum Pumps&lt;br /&gt;
** Heaters&lt;br /&gt;
** Air Conditioning&lt;br /&gt;
** Information Displays&lt;br /&gt;
** etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Existing information on these items can be found on the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[EV Conversion Parts]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you need help with your EV conversion check out my &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;consulting offers&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, if you want to support the project &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;visit the shop&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, become a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Patron&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or send donations to paypal &#039;at&#039; johanneshuebner.com .&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;--&amp;gt;= FAQs =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Common Inverter FAQ]] - questions common to all hardware variants&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla Inverter FAQ]] - questions regarding Tesla Large Drive Units and Small Drive Units&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter CAN std. =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Introduction CAN STD|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN table CAN STD|CAN table]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Getting started with CAN bus]]  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Glossary of Terms =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Glossary of Terms]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Legalities =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Legalities|Legalities around conversion projects]]&lt;br /&gt;
Different countries have different legislation, if you want you car to certified for the road in your country please take the time to review this section.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Conversion Projects =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[VW Polo 86C Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Touran Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=326&amp;amp;hilit=gt86 toyota gt86 nissan leaf motor] &lt;br /&gt;
* [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=210 Porsche Boxster 986 Tesla conversion]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewforum.php?f=11 Further Projects on the forum]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= OEM Parts =&lt;br /&gt;
* https://www.ultimatespecs.com/electric-hybrid-cars&lt;br /&gt;
* [[BMW]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Isabellenhütte Heusler]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Mercedes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nissan]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Toyota]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Mistubishi]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Volkswagon]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=1438</id>
		<title>Main Page Old</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=1438"/>
		<updated>2021-03-19T11:03:40Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Welcome to the openinverter.org Wiki Site. Everyone registered at the [https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php forum] can login here with the same username and password and can make changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Before you begin: =&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Please take the time to read.&#039;&#039;&#039; The information provided on this wiki and the support forums is intended as information only. The Open Inverter project and it&#039;s contributors take no responsibility for how you use the information contained within these pages, nor any liability for injuries, or death, that may result from your actions. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You undertake &#039;&#039;&#039;your&#039;&#039;&#039; project at &#039;&#039;&#039;your own risk.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Introduction =&lt;br /&gt;
Open inverter is a suite of open source hardware and software projects for building, modifying and controlling a variety of power electronics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
projects originates from Johannes Hübner building a opensource ac motor controller, dubbed the &amp;quot;open inverter&amp;quot;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The project now has spanned over many different areas in ev and hybrid vehicles components, such as: &lt;br /&gt;
* AC motor controllers &lt;br /&gt;
* 1-3 phase power converters &lt;br /&gt;
* dc/dc converts &lt;br /&gt;
* buck/boost converters &lt;br /&gt;
* battery management systems &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With the rising popularity and avalibity of hybrid and electric vehicles, there is a growing supply of parts. The open inverter community&#039;s goal is to repurpose many of these components for ev conversions and other projects.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The open inverter community is growing and moving quite quickly, to stay up-to-date with the latest developments and findings, please check out the [https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php forums]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
consider contributing to [https://www.patreon.com/openinverter www.patreon.com/openinverter] and to https://www.evbmw.com/ &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The open inverter motor controller project consists of three main aspects: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Hardware&lt;br /&gt;
!Firmware&lt;br /&gt;
!Web Interface&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|The design and development of the [[Main Board Version 3|control hardware]] based around an STM32F103 chip. This provides the control signals to the power stage and on to the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|The development of the code that goes on the STM32F103 chips and determines, amongst other things what signals are sent to the power stage and the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|Using an ESP8266 chip, the development of a simple web based interface to adjust the parameters on the firmware chip and to display values returned from the chip, for example motor speed (RPM).&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Getting Started =&lt;br /&gt;
=== Inverter variants available: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
==== Open Inverter (Core Project/s) ====&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
==== Open Inverter Related Projects / Control Boards ====&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;core universal hardware and software components&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;custom hardware and software designed to work with particular components.&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;which are based on the core open inverter hardware or software stack.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ZombieVerter VCU (Testing/Developement - NOT for sale at present)&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Project Wiki Page|ZombieVerter VCU Project Page]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Web Interface (ZombieVerter VCU)|Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[OEM component compatibility]]&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Tesla|Tesla Small Drive and Large Drive Units:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
commonly there is a large drive unit and small drive unit available. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These combine the inverter and motor into a single package. The &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
control boards for these replace the existing control board within them.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== Open Inverter Hardware ======&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hardware Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Schematics and Instructions]] - for the &amp;quot;vanilla&amp;quot; inverter kit.&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 1]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sense Boards]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gate Driver]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sensor Board|Legacy Sensor Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OEM Repurposing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Lexus GS450h Inverter|Lexus GS450h Inverter / VCU:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
the GS450h provides a gearbox (where the motors are located) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
combined with the original inverter, this board looks to control &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
the inverter and the gearbox itself to provide a powerful set up &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
suitable for rear wheel drive set ups, replacing the existing &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
longitudinally mounted gearbox.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Toyota Prius Gen3 Board|Prius Generation 3 Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
a cheap available inverter from the popular Prius hybrid, this &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
board goes inside that inverter and allows you to control the features of it.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== &#039;&#039;&#039;Open Inverter Software&#039;&#039;&#039; ======&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Using FOC Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Downloads]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Features]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Battery Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Errors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN communication]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Parameters]] (Tune your inverter)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Configuration Files]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Software Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Open Inverter Testing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Auris/Yaris Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
similar to the Prius board, there&#039;s subtle differences between them and &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
therefore the need for a separate board.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Nissan Leaf VCU|Nissan Leaf VCM:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
this vehicle control board plugs into the Nissan Leaf inverter externally &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
and controls it via CAN  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Nissan Leaf Gen2 Board]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
replaces the nissan OEM logic board with a rev 3 openiverter board for full control&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[[OEM Repurposing|All Control Boards / OEM Inverters]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== CAN communication ======&lt;br /&gt;
Common across boards is the ability to communicate with a CAN Bus, which is a &#039;control area network&#039; or a technical way of saying how various components, sensors, controls, etc communicate with one another within the car. &#039;&#039;&#039;Read more about [[CAN communication|CAN Communication]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also a project to standardise the messages across the various control boards, [[Introduction CAN STD|read more]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== Use inverter as a battery Charger ======&lt;br /&gt;
Both the open inverter and some OEM inverters can be used as a battery charger, further saving on component costs. You can read more about how the open inverter and the theory of charging [[Battery Charging|here]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Further Components ===&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have the [[Inverters|inverter]], you will need additional components for your EV conversion:&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Motors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Batteries]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Charger]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[DC/DC Converter]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[HV Junction Box]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Other various components&lt;br /&gt;
** Vacuum Pumps&lt;br /&gt;
** Heaters&lt;br /&gt;
** Air Conditioning&lt;br /&gt;
** Information Displays&lt;br /&gt;
** etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Existing information on these items can be found on the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[EV Conversion Parts]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you need help with your EV conversion check out my &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;consulting offers&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, if you want to support the project &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;visit the shop&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, become a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Patron&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or send donations to paypal &#039;at&#039; johanneshuebner.com .&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;--&amp;gt;= FAQs =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Common Inverter FAQ]] - questions common to all hardware variants&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla Inverter FAQ]] - questions regarding Tesla Large Drive Units and Small Drive Units&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter CAN std. =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Introduction CAN STD|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN table CAN STD|CAN table]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Getting started with CAN bus]]  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Glossary of Terms =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Glossary of Terms]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Legalities =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Legalities|Legalities around conversion projects]]&lt;br /&gt;
Different countries have different legislation, if you want you car to certified for the road in your country please take the time to review this section.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Conversion Projects =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[VW Polo 86C Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Touran Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=326&amp;amp;hilit=gt86 toyota gt86 nissan leaf motor] &lt;br /&gt;
* [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=210 Porsche Boxster 986 Tesla conversion]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewforum.php?f=11 Further Projects on the forum]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= OEM Parts =&lt;br /&gt;
* https://www.ultimatespecs.com/electric-hybrid-cars&lt;br /&gt;
* [[BMW]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Isabellenhütte Heusler]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Mercedes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nissan]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Toyota]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Mistubishi]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Volkswagon]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=1437</id>
		<title>Main Page Old</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=1437"/>
		<updated>2021-03-19T11:03:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: Added ZomberVerter Section and prelinks to new page for the project&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Welcome to the openinverter.org Wiki Site. Everyone registered at the [https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php forum] can login here with the same username and password and can make changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Before you begin: =&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Please take the time to read.&#039;&#039;&#039; The information provided on this wiki and the support forums is intended as information only. The Open Inverter project and it&#039;s contributors take no responsibility for how you use the information contained within these pages, nor any liability for injuries, or death, that may result from your actions. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You undertake &#039;&#039;&#039;your&#039;&#039;&#039; project at &#039;&#039;&#039;your own risk.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Introduction =&lt;br /&gt;
Open inverter is a suite of open source hardware and software projects for building, modifying and controlling a variety of power electronics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
projects originates from Johannes Hübner building a opensource ac motor controller, dubbed the &amp;quot;open inverter&amp;quot;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The project now has spanned over many different areas in ev and hybrid vehicles components, such as: &lt;br /&gt;
* AC motor controllers &lt;br /&gt;
* 1-3 phase power converters &lt;br /&gt;
* dc/dc converts &lt;br /&gt;
* buck/boost converters &lt;br /&gt;
* battery management systems &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With the rising popularity and avalibity of hybrid and electric vehicles, there is a growing supply of parts. The open inverter community&#039;s goal is to repurpose many of these components for ev conversions and other projects.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The open inverter community is growing and moving quite quickly, to stay up-to-date with the latest developments and findings, please check out the [https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php forums]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
consider contributing to [https://www.patreon.com/openinverter www.patreon.com/openinverter] and to https://www.evbmw.com/ &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The open inverter motor controller project consists of three main aspects: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Hardware&lt;br /&gt;
!Firmware&lt;br /&gt;
!Web Interface&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|The design and development of the [[Main Board Version 3|control hardware]] based around an STM32F103 chip. This provides the control signals to the power stage and on to the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|The development of the code that goes on the STM32F103 chips and determines, amongst other things what signals are sent to the power stage and the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|Using an ESP8266 chip, the development of a simple web based interface to adjust the parameters on the firmware chip and to display values returned from the chip, for example motor speed (RPM).&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Getting Started =&lt;br /&gt;
=== Inverter variants available: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
==== Open Inverter (Core Project/s) ====&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
==== Open Inverter Related Projects / Control Boards ====&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;core universal hardware and software components&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;7&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;custom hardware and software designed to work with particular components.&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;which are based on the core open inverter hardware or software stack.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;ZombieVerter VCU&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Project Wiki Page|ZombieVerter VCU Project Page]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Web Interface (ZombieVerter VCU)|Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[OEM component compatibility]]&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Tesla|Tesla Small Drive and Large Drive Units:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
commonly there is a large drive unit and small drive unit available. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These combine the inverter and motor into a single package. The &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
control boards for these replace the existing control board within them.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== Open Inverter Hardware ======&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hardware Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Schematics and Instructions]] - for the &amp;quot;vanilla&amp;quot; inverter kit.&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Main Board Version 1]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sense Boards]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gate Driver]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sensor Board|Legacy Sensor Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[OEM Repurposing]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Lexus GS450h Inverter|Lexus GS450h Inverter / VCU:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
the GS450h provides a gearbox (where the motors are located) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
combined with the original inverter, this board looks to control &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
the inverter and the gearbox itself to provide a powerful set up &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
suitable for rear wheel drive set ups, replacing the existing &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
longitudinally mounted gearbox.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Toyota Prius Gen3 Board|Prius Generation 3 Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
a cheap available inverter from the popular Prius hybrid, this &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
board goes inside that inverter and allows you to control the features of it.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== &#039;&#039;&#039;Open Inverter Software&#039;&#039;&#039; ======&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Using FOC Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Downloads]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Features]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Battery Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Errors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN communication]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Parameters]] (Tune your inverter)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Configuration Files]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Software Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Open Inverter Testing]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Auris/Yaris Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
similar to the Prius board, there&#039;s subtle differences between them and &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
therefore the need for a separate board.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Nissan Leaf VCU|Nissan Leaf VCM:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
this vehicle control board plugs into the Nissan Leaf inverter externally &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
and controls it via CAN  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Nissan Leaf Gen2 Board]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
replaces the nissan OEM logic board with a rev 3 openiverter board for full control&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[[OEM Repurposing|All Control Boards / OEM Inverters]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== CAN communication ======&lt;br /&gt;
Common across boards is the ability to communicate with a CAN Bus, which is a &#039;control area network&#039; or a technical way of saying how various components, sensors, controls, etc communicate with one another within the car. &#039;&#039;&#039;Read more about [[CAN communication|CAN Communication]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also a project to standardise the messages across the various control boards, [[Introduction CAN STD|read more]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== Use inverter as a battery Charger ======&lt;br /&gt;
Both the open inverter and some OEM inverters can be used as a battery charger, further saving on component costs. You can read more about how the open inverter and the theory of charging [[Battery Charging|here]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Further Components ===&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have the [[Inverters|inverter]], you will need additional components for your EV conversion:&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Motors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Batteries]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Charger]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[DC/DC Converter]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[HV Junction Box]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Other various components&lt;br /&gt;
** Vacuum Pumps&lt;br /&gt;
** Heaters&lt;br /&gt;
** Air Conditioning&lt;br /&gt;
** Information Displays&lt;br /&gt;
** etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Existing information on these items can be found on the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[EV Conversion Parts]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you need help with your EV conversion check out my &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;consulting offers&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, if you want to support the project &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;visit the shop&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, become a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Patron&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or send donations to paypal &#039;at&#039; johanneshuebner.com .&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;--&amp;gt;= FAQs =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Common Inverter FAQ]] - questions common to all hardware variants&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla Inverter FAQ]] - questions regarding Tesla Large Drive Units and Small Drive Units&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter CAN std. =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Introduction CAN STD|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN table CAN STD|CAN table]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Getting started with CAN bus]]  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Glossary of Terms =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Glossary of Terms]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Legalities =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Legalities|Legalities around conversion projects]]&lt;br /&gt;
Different countries have different legislation, if you want you car to certified for the road in your country please take the time to review this section.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Conversion Projects =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[VW Polo 86C Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Touran Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=326&amp;amp;hilit=gt86 toyota gt86 nissan leaf motor] &lt;br /&gt;
* [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;amp;t=210 Porsche Boxster 986 Tesla conversion]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewforum.php?f=11 Further Projects on the forum]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= OEM Parts =&lt;br /&gt;
* https://www.ultimatespecs.com/electric-hybrid-cars&lt;br /&gt;
* [[BMW]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Isabellenhütte Heusler]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Mercedes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nissan]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Toyota]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Mistubishi]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Volkswagon]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Motors&amp;diff=696</id>
		<title>Motors</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Motors&amp;diff=696"/>
		<updated>2020-06-05T21:42:01Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;This page is intended as a listing page for available motors suitable for conversion projects. Each listing is planned to lead to a more detailed page regarding the motor.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= OEM Motors =&lt;br /&gt;
Taken from existing vehicles&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Picture&lt;br /&gt;
!Name/link&lt;br /&gt;
!Manufacturer&lt;br /&gt;
!Models Found On&lt;br /&gt;
!Part No/s&lt;br /&gt;
!FWD/RDW/AWD&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:LEXUS RX 400H 2004-2008 209048010.jpg|none|thumb|200x200px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Toyota/Lexus MGR Rear Transaxle Motor]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Toyota/Lexus&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
* Alphard/Vellfire ATH20&lt;br /&gt;
* Alphard/Vellfire AYH30&lt;br /&gt;
* Estima AHR20&lt;br /&gt;
* Harrier MHU38&lt;br /&gt;
* Harrier AVU65&lt;br /&gt;
* Highlander MHU28&lt;br /&gt;
* Highlander MHU48&lt;br /&gt;
* Highlander GVU48&lt;br /&gt;
* Highlander GVU58&lt;br /&gt;
* Kluger MHU28&lt;br /&gt;
* Lexus RX400h MHU38&lt;br /&gt;
* Lexus RX450h GYL15&lt;br /&gt;
* Lexus RX450h GYL25&lt;br /&gt;
* Lexus NX300h AYZ15&lt;br /&gt;
* RAV4 AVA44&lt;br /&gt;
|Q211&lt;br /&gt;
(2FM - Motor code)&lt;br /&gt;
|FWD&lt;br /&gt;
AWD&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
RWD&lt;br /&gt;
|Found on numerous Toyota and Lexus models (see list to the left), the MGR (or Motor Generator Rear) is an electric rear differential meant to provide occasional 4WD/AWD to the company&#039;s larger 4WD models.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For conversion/project purposes the MGR is suitable for lighter models given the torque available or could potentially be used front and/or rear, and/or with a secondary motor. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As the motor was designed to be used occasionally as a rear motor, there is a need or potential need for cooling dependent on the application. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Lexus GS450h&lt;br /&gt;
|Toyota/Lexus&lt;br /&gt;
|Lexus GS450h&lt;br /&gt;
|L110F&lt;br /&gt;
|RWD&lt;br /&gt;
|Popular conversion project motor, the GS450h has two motors as part of a gearbox mated to an ICE engine. MG1 and MG2, one of which is generally used to start the ICE, the second used to provide drive to the wheel in electric only mode. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The input shaft from the ICE can be secured and both motors can then be used to drive the output shaft.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The popularity and conversation around it comes from the fact it is likely to occupy the same space as a rear wheel drive gearbox leaving the majority of the engine bay free and obviously joining to the existing rear propshaft.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Lexus RS600h&lt;br /&gt;
|Toyota/Lexus&lt;br /&gt;
|Lexus RS600h&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|AWD&lt;br /&gt;
|Functionally the same as the GS450h(?) but splits the output front and rear like a traditional 4WD gearbox.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Prius Transaxle&lt;br /&gt;
|Toyota/Lexus&lt;br /&gt;
|Prius&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|FWD&lt;br /&gt;
|Mated to a transversally mounted front wheel drive ICE, the Prius transaxle has two motors contained with it. MG1 and MG2. One of which is generally used to re/start the ICE motor and the second used to drive the car in electric only mode.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The two motors can be combined for greater power output.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The unit itself lends itself to replace the engine and gearbox from FWD front engined vehicles as it largely occupies a similar space as the existing gearbox and frees the space where the engine would sit.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Nissan Leaf&lt;br /&gt;
|Nissan&lt;br /&gt;
|Leaf&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|FWD&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Tesla Small Drive Unit&lt;br /&gt;
|Tesla&lt;br /&gt;
|Model S/X&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|FWD&lt;br /&gt;
AWD&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
RWD&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Tesla Large Drive Unit&lt;br /&gt;
|Tesla&lt;br /&gt;
|Model S/X&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|FWD&lt;br /&gt;
AWD&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
RWD&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Generic Motors =&lt;br /&gt;
Multiple applications but designed to fit EV use, or fall within power/torque range for use&amp;lt;!-- Is this section redundant, already covered by the other motor page? The intention is to list motors like the Hyper9 and other &#039;generic&#039; motors.  --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Picture&lt;br /&gt;
!Name/link&lt;br /&gt;
!Manufacturer&lt;br /&gt;
!Part No/s&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Motors&amp;diff=695</id>
		<title>Motors</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Motors&amp;diff=695"/>
		<updated>2020-06-05T21:37:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;This page is intended as a listing page for available motors suitable for conversion projects. Each listing is planned to lead to a more detailed page regarding the motor.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= OEM Motors =&lt;br /&gt;
Taken from existing vehicles&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Picture&lt;br /&gt;
!Name/link&lt;br /&gt;
!Manufacturer&lt;br /&gt;
!Models Found On&lt;br /&gt;
!Part No/s&lt;br /&gt;
!FWD/RDW/AWD&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|[[File:LEXUS RX 400H 2004-2008 209048010.jpg|none|thumb|200x200px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Toyota/Lexus MGR Rear Transaxle Motor]]&lt;br /&gt;
|Toyota/Lexus&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
* Alphard/Vellfire ATH20&lt;br /&gt;
* Alphard/Vellfire AYH30&lt;br /&gt;
* Estima AHR20&lt;br /&gt;
* Harrier MHU38&lt;br /&gt;
* Harrier AVU65&lt;br /&gt;
* Highlander MHU28&lt;br /&gt;
* Highlander MHU48&lt;br /&gt;
* Highlander GVU48&lt;br /&gt;
* Highlander GVU58&lt;br /&gt;
* Kluger MHU28&lt;br /&gt;
* Lexus RX400h MHU38&lt;br /&gt;
* Lexus RX450h GYL15&lt;br /&gt;
* Lexus RX450h GYL25&lt;br /&gt;
* Lexus NX300h AYZ15&lt;br /&gt;
* RAV4 AVA44&lt;br /&gt;
|Q211&lt;br /&gt;
(2FM - Motor code)&lt;br /&gt;
|FWD&lt;br /&gt;
AWD&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
RWD&lt;br /&gt;
|Found on numerous Toyota and Lexus models (see list to the left), the MGR (or Motor Generator Rear) is an electric rear differential meant to provide occasional 4WD/AWD to the company&#039;s larger 4WD models.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For conversion/project purposes the MGR is suitable for lighter models given the torque available or could potentially be used front and/or rear, and/or with a secondary motor. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As the motor was designed to be used occasionally as a rear motor, there is a need or potential need for cooling dependent on the application. &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Lexus GS450h&lt;br /&gt;
|Toyota/Lexus&lt;br /&gt;
|Lexus GS450h&lt;br /&gt;
|L110F&lt;br /&gt;
|RWD&lt;br /&gt;
|Popular conversion project motor, the GS450h has two motors as part of a gearbox mated to an ICE engine. MG1 and MG2, one of which is generally used to start the ICE, the second used to provide drive to the wheel in electric only mode. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The input shaft from the ICE can be secured and both motors can then be used to drive the output shaft.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The popularity and conversation around it comes from the fact it is likely to occupy the same space as a rear wheel drive gearbox leaving the majority of the engine bay free and obviously joining to the existing rear propshaft.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Lexus RS600h&lt;br /&gt;
|Toyota/Lexus&lt;br /&gt;
|Lexus RS600h&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|AWD&lt;br /&gt;
|Functionally the same as the GS450h(?) but splits the output front and rear like a traditional 4WD gearbox.&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Tesla Small Drive Unit&lt;br /&gt;
|Tesla&lt;br /&gt;
|Model S/X&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|FWD&lt;br /&gt;
AWD&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
RWD&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|Tesla Large Drive Unit&lt;br /&gt;
|Tesla&lt;br /&gt;
|Model S/X&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|FWD&lt;br /&gt;
AWD&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
RWD&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Generic Motors =&lt;br /&gt;
Multiple applications but designed to fit EV use, or fall within power/torque range for use&amp;lt;!-- Is this section redundant, already covered by the other motor page? The intention is to list motors like the Hyper9 and other &#039;generic&#039; motors.  --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable sortable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Picture&lt;br /&gt;
!Name/link&lt;br /&gt;
!Manufacturer&lt;br /&gt;
!Part No/s&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:LEXUS_RX_400H_2004-2008_209048010.jpg&amp;diff=694</id>
		<title>File:LEXUS RX 400H 2004-2008 209048010.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:LEXUS_RX_400H_2004-2008_209048010.jpg&amp;diff=694"/>
		<updated>2020-06-05T20:54:00Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Toyota MGR Rear Transaxle Motor Example&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Motors&amp;diff=693</id>
		<title>Motors</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Motors&amp;diff=693"/>
		<updated>2020-06-05T20:23:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: Created page with &amp;quot;OEM Motors - taken from existing vehicles Generic Motors - multiple applications, fits EV use  OEM Motors  Generic Motors&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;OEM Motors - taken from existing vehicles&lt;br /&gt;
Generic Motors - multiple applications, fits EV use&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
OEM Motors&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Generic Motors&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=692</id>
		<title>Main Page Old</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=692"/>
		<updated>2020-06-05T18:55:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: /* bit of an overhaul, still tinkering with the front page, plan to dive into the actual sub pages next. */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Welcome to the openinverter.org Wiki Site.&lt;br /&gt;
Everyone registered at the [https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php forum] can login here with the same username and password and can make changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Before you begin: =&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Please take the time to read.&#039;&#039;&#039; The information provided on this wiki and the support forums is intended as information only. The Open Inverter project and it&#039;s contributors take no responsibility for how you use the information contained within these pages, nor any liability for injuries, or death, that may result from your actions. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You undertake &#039;&#039;&#039;your&#039;&#039;&#039; project at &#039;&#039;&#039;your own risk.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Introduction =&lt;br /&gt;
The Open Inverter projects consists of a core development project around an open source inverter, a power stage, taking the DC current provided from a battery and converting it to a controlled signal to drive AC and PMSM motors. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The project has also spawned additional projects that take existing OEM Power Stages/Inverters from cars, which having been made in bulk and are now cheaply and readily available, and provides a means of upcycling and taking control of them so they can be used in conversion projects.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are also additional projects and discussions in the [https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php forums] for components beyond the power stage, such as Battery Management Systems, Motors, Batteries, etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Combined these projects and discussions and the community effort on this wiki and on the [https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php forums] aim to make converting existing internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, a cheap and easy proposition for individuals, and companies, looking to specialise in converting ICE vehicles. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The open inverter project consists of three main aspects: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Hardware&lt;br /&gt;
!Firmware&lt;br /&gt;
!Web Interface&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|The design and development of the [[Main Board Version 3|control hardware]] based around an STM32F103 chip. This provides the control signals to the power stage and on to the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|The development of the code that goes on the STM32F103 chips and determines, amongst other things what signals are sent to the power stage and the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|Using an ESP8266 chip, the development of a simple web based interface to adjust the parameters on the firmware chip and to display values returned from the chip, for example motor speed (RPM).&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Getting Started =&lt;br /&gt;
=== Inverter variants available: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
==== Open Inverter (Core Project) ====&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
==== Open Inverter Related Projects / Control Boards ====&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;This is the kit provided to build your own power section,&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;meaning sourcing and constructing your own IGBTs and&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;other components.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;This is the kit/boards for use with existing power sections,&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;meaning inverters sourced from OEM parts taken&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;from existing cars, etc. and utilising the components&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;within them.&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== Open Inverter Hardware ======&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Hardware Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Schematics and Instructions]] - for the &amp;quot;vanilla&amp;quot; inverter kit.&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Main Board Version 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Main Board Version 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Main Board Version 1]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Sense Boards]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Gate Driver]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Sensor Board|Legacy Sensor Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Tesla|Tesla Small Drive and Large Drive Units:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
commonly there is a large drive unit and small drive unit available. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These combine the inverter and motor into a single package. The &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
control boards for these replace the existing control board within them.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Lexus GS450h Inverter|Lexus GS450h Inverter / VCU:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
the GS450h provides a gearbox (where the motors are located) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
combined with the original inverter, this board looks to control &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
the inverter and the gearbox itself to provide a powerful set up &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
suitable for rear wheel drive set ups, replacing the existing &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
longitudinally mounted gearbox.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Toyota Prius Gen3 Board|Prius Generation 3 Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
a cheap available inverter from the popular Prius hybrid, this &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
board goes inside that inverter and allows you to control the features of it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| rowspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== &#039;&#039;&#039;Open Inverter Software&#039;&#039;&#039; ======&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Using FOC Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Downloads]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Features]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Battery Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Errors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN communication]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Parameters]] (Tune your inverter)&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Configuration Files]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Software Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Auris/Yaris Inverter:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
similar to the Prius board, there&#039;s subtle differences between them and &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
therefore the need for a separate board.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Nissan Leaf VCU|Nissan Leaf VCM:]]&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
this vehicle control board plugs into the Nissan Leaf inverter externally &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
and controls it via CAN &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|[[Inverters|All Control Boards / OEM Inverters]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== CAN communication ======&lt;br /&gt;
Common across boards is the ability to communicate with a CAN Bus, which is a &#039;control area network&#039; or a technical way of saying how various components, sensors, controls, etc communicate with one another within the car. &#039;&#039;&#039;Read more about [[CAN communication|CAN Communication]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also a project to standardise the messages across the various control boards, [[Introduction CAN STD|read more]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| colspan=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; |&lt;br /&gt;
====== Use inverter as a battery Charger ======&lt;br /&gt;
Both the open inverter and some OEM inverters can be used as a battery charger, further saving on component costs. You can read more about how the open inverter and the theory of charging [[Battery Charging|here]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Further Components ===&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have the [[Inverters|inverter]], you will need additional components for your EV conversion:&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Motors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Batteries]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Charger]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[DC/DC Converter]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[HV Junction Box]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Other various components&lt;br /&gt;
** Vacuum Pumps&lt;br /&gt;
** Heaters&lt;br /&gt;
** Air Conditioning&lt;br /&gt;
** Information Displays&lt;br /&gt;
** etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Existing information on these items can be found on the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[EV Conversion Parts]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you need help with your EV conversion check out my &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;consulting offers&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, if you want to support the project &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;visit the shop&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, become a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Patron&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or send donations to paypal &#039;at&#039; johanneshuebner.com .&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;--&amp;gt;= FAQs =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Common Inverter FAQ]] - questions common to all hardware variants&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla Inverter FAQ]] - questions regarding Tesla Large Drive Units and Small Drive Units&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter CAN std. =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Introduction CAN STD|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN table CAN STD|CAN table]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Glossary of Terms =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Glossary of Terms]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Legalities =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Legalities|Legalities around conversion projects]]&lt;br /&gt;
Different countries have different legislation, if you want you car to certified for the road in your country please take the time to review this section.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Conversion Projects =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[VW Polo 86C Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Touran Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewforum.php?f=11 Further Projects on the forum]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= OEM Parts =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[BMW]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Isabellenhütte Heusler]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nissan]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Toyota]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Chevrolet]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=647</id>
		<title>Main Page Old</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=647"/>
		<updated>2020-05-22T18:17:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: /* Getting Started */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Welcome to the openinverter.org Wiki Site.&lt;br /&gt;
Everyone registered at the [https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php forum] can login here with the same username and password and can make changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Getting Started =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== The open inverter project consists of three main aspects: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Hardware&lt;br /&gt;
!Firmware&lt;br /&gt;
!Web Interface&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|The design and development of the [[Main Board Version 3|control hardware]] based around an STM32F103 chip. This provides the control signals to the power stage and on to the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|The development of the code that goes on the STM32F103 chips and determines, amongst other things what signals are sent to the power stage and the attached components.&lt;br /&gt;
|Using an ESP8266 chip, the development of a simple web based interface to adjust the parameters on the firmware chip and to display values returned from the chip, for example motor speed (RPM).&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== There are two variants available: ===&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Kit for use with your own power section.&lt;br /&gt;
!Kit for use with &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[OEM_Repurposing|existing power sections]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;,&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|This is the kit provided to build your own power section, meaning sourcing and constructing your own IGBTs and other components.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You can find the build instructions for this kit [[Schematics and Instructions|here]]&lt;br /&gt;
|This is the kit for use with existing power sections, meaning inverters sourced from OEM parts taken from existing cars, etc. and utilising the components within them.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For example [https://github.com/damienmaguire/ drop in boards for Tesla drive units], Prius Inverters, and so on.&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have the inverter parts, you will need additional components for your EV conversion:&lt;br /&gt;
* Motor&lt;br /&gt;
* Batteries&lt;br /&gt;
* Charger&lt;br /&gt;
* DC/DC Converter&lt;br /&gt;
* HV Junction Box&lt;br /&gt;
* Other various components&lt;br /&gt;
** Pumps, Heaters, etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
More detailed information on these items can be found on the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[EV Conversion Parts]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you want to tune your inverter check the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[Parameters|parameter description]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You might also want to set up &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[CAN communication|CAN communication]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or use the inverter as a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[Battery Charging|battery charger]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; also.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you need help with your EV conversion check out my &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;consulting offers&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, if you want to support the project &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;visit the shop&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, become a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Patron&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or send donations to paypal &#039;at&#039; johanneshuebner.com .&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
= FAQs =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Common Inverter FAQ]] - questions common to all hardware variants&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla Inverter FAQ]] - questions regarding Tesla Large Drive Units and Small Drive Units&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter Hardware =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Schematics and Instructions]] - for the &amp;quot;vanilla&amp;quot; inverter kit.&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Main Board Version 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Main Board Version 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Main Board Version 1]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Sense Boards]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Gate Driver]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[4-cell BMS]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Hardware Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Sensor Board|Legacy Sensor Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter Software =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Using FOC Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Downloads]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Features]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Battery Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Errors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN communication]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Parameters]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Configuration Files]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Software Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter CAN std. =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Introduction CAN STD|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN table CAN STD|CAN table]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Glossary of Terms =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Glossary of Terms]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Conversion Projects =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Legalities]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[VW Polo 86C Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Touran Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= OEM Parts =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[BMW]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Isabellenhütte Heusler]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nissan]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Toyota]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=646</id>
		<title>Main Page Old</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=646"/>
		<updated>2020-05-22T15:15:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Welcome to the openinverter.org Wiki Site.&lt;br /&gt;
Everyone registered at the [https://openinverter.org/forum/index.php forum] can login here with the same username and password and can make changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Getting Started =&lt;br /&gt;
The open inverter project consists of three main aspects:&lt;br /&gt;
* Reference designs for the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[Main Board Version 3|control hardware]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; using an STM32F103&lt;br /&gt;
* The inverter firmware, which can control AC Induction motors or Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors &lt;br /&gt;
* An easy to use web interface.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are two variants available:&lt;br /&gt;
* Kit for use with your own power section. If you have received a kit you are probably looking for &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[Schematics and Instructions|build instructions]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
* Kit for use with &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[OEM_Repurposing|existing power sections]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, including &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[https://github.com/damienmaguire/ drop in boards for Tesla]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; small and large drive units.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you want to tune your inverter check the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[Parameters|parameter description]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have the inverter parts, you will need additional components for your EV conversion:&lt;br /&gt;
* Motor&lt;br /&gt;
* Batteries&lt;br /&gt;
* Charger&lt;br /&gt;
* DC/DC Converter&lt;br /&gt;
* HV Junction Box&lt;br /&gt;
* Other various components&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
More detailed information on these items can be found on the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[EV Conversion Parts]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You might also want to set up &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[CAN communication|CAN communication]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or use the inverter as a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[Battery Charging|battery charger]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; also.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you need help with your EV conversion check out my &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;consulting offers&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, if you want to support the project &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;visit the shop&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, become a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Patron&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or send donations to paypal &#039;at&#039; johanneshuebner.com .&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
= FAQs =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Common Inverter FAQ]] - questions common to all hardware variants&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla Inverter FAQ]] - questions regarding Tesla Large Drive Units and Small Drive Units&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter Hardware =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Schematics and Instructions]] - for the &amp;quot;vanilla&amp;quot; inverter kit.&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Main Board Version 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Main Board Version 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Main Board Version 1]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Sense Boards]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Gate Driver]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[4-cell BMS]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Hardware Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Sensor Board|Legacy Sensor Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter Software =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Using FOC Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Downloads]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Features]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Battery Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Errors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN communication]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Parameters]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Configuration Files]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Software Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter CAN std. =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Introduction CAN STD|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN table CAN STD|CAN table]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Glossary of Terms =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Glossary of Terms]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Conversion Projects =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Legalities]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[VW Polo 86C Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Touran Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= OEM Parts =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[BMW]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Isabellenhütte Heusler]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nissan]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Toyota]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=645</id>
		<title>Glossary of Terms</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=645"/>
		<updated>2020-05-22T15:09:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: /* P */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;A page to help to grips with the all the acronyms on the forums to get newbies up to speed and for general reference&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= A =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;AC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Alternating current&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;AC&#039;&#039;&#039;) is an electric current which periodically reverses direction, in contrast to direct current (DC) which flows only in one direction.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Alternating_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= B =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Battery Balancing&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Battery balancing&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;battery redistribution&#039;&#039;&#039; refer to techniques that improve the available capacity of a battery pack with multiple cells (usually in series) and increase each cell&#039;s longevity.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Battery_balancing|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;BMS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;battery management system&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;BMS&#039;&#039;&#039;) is any electronic system that manages a rechargeable battery (cell or battery pack), such as by protecting the battery from operating outside its safe operating area&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Battery_management_system|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;BOM&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Bill of Materials (BOM)&#039;&#039;&#039; is a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components, parts, and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Bill_of_materials|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Boost Converter&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;boost converter&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;step-up converter&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a DC-to-DC power converter that steps up voltage (while stepping down current) from its input (supply) to its output (load).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Boost_converter|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Buck Converter&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;buck converter&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;step-down converter&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a DC-to-DC power converter which steps down voltage (while stepping up current) from its input (supply) to its output (load).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Buck_converter|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= C =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CAN&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Controller Area Network&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;CAN bus&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a robust vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other&#039;s applications without a host computer.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CAN_bus|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CCS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The &#039;&#039;&#039;Combined Charging System&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;CCS&#039;&#039;&#039;) covers charging electric vehicles using the &#039;&#039;&#039;Combo 1&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;Combo 2&#039;&#039;&#039; connectors at up to 350 kilowatts. These two connectors are extensions of the Type 1 and Type 2 connectors, with two additional direct current (DC) contacts to allow high-power DC fast charging.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Combined_Charging_System|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CHAdeMO&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CHAdeMO&#039;&#039;&#039; is the trade name of a quick charging method for battery electric vehicles delivering up to 62.5 kW by 500 V, 125 A direct current via a special electrical connector.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CHAdeMO|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= D =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;DC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Direct current&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;DC&#039;&#039;&#039;) is the unidirectional flow of an electric charge. The electric current flows in a constant direction, distinguishing it from alternating current (AC).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Direct_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;DoD&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Depth of Discharge (DoD)&#039;&#039;&#039; is the fraction or percentage of the capacity which has been removed from the fully charged battery.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Depth_of_discharge|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= E =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;EVSE&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Electric vehicle supply equipment&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;EVSE&#039;&#039;&#039;), is an element in an infrastructure that supplies electric energy for the recharging of plug-in electric vehicles—including electric cars, neighborhood electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Charging_station|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= F =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;FOC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Field-Oriented Control (FOC)&#039;&#039;&#039;, is a variable-frequency drive (VFD) control method in which the stator currents of a three-phase AC electric motor are identified as two orthogonal components that can be visualized with a vector.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Vector_control_(motor)|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= G =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= H =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;HVDC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;high-voltage, direct current&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;HVDC&#039;&#039;&#039;) electric power transmission system&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:High-voltage_direct_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= I =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;IGBT&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|An &#039;&#039;&#039;insulated-gate bipolar transistor&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;IGBT&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily used as an electronic switch which, as it was developed, came to combine high efficiency and fast switching.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Insulated-gate_bipolar_transistor|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;power inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;, or &#039;&#039;&#039;inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;, is a power electronic device or circuitry that changes direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Power_inverter|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= J =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= K =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= L =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;LiFePO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The &#039;&#039;&#039;lithium iron phosphate battery&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;LiFePO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; battery&#039;&#039;&#039;) or &#039;&#039;&#039;LFP battery&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;lithium ferrophosphate&#039;&#039;), is a type of lithium-ion battery using LiFePO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; as the cathode material&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Lithium_iron_phosphate_battery|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= M =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= N =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= O =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;OEM&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|An &#039;&#039;&#039;original equipment manufacturer&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;OEM&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a company that produces parts and equipment for another manufacturer.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Original_equipment_manufacturer|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= P =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;PCB&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;printed circuit board&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;PCB&#039;&#039;&#039;) mechanically supports and electrically connects electrical or electronic components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto and/or between sheet layers of a non-conductivesubstrate.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Printed_circuit_board|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Power Factor&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The &#039;&#039;&#039;power factor&#039;&#039;&#039; of an AC electrical power system is defined as the ratio of the &#039;&#039;real power&#039;&#039; absorbed by the load to the &#039;&#039;apparent power&#039;&#039; flowing in the circuit, and is a dimensionless number in the closed interval of −1 to 1.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Power_factor|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;PWM&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Pulse-width modulation&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;PWM&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a method of reducing the average power delivered by an electrical signal, by effectively chopping it up into discrete parts. The average value of voltage (and current) fed to the load is controlled by turning the switch between supply and load on and off at a fast rate. &lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Pulse-width_modulation|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Q =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= R =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= S =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;SDO&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|From CANopen, the SDO protocol is used for setting and for reading values from the object dictionary of a remote device. &lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CANopen#Service_Data_Object_(SDO)_protocol|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Single-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|In electrical engineering, &#039;&#039;&#039;single-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039; is the distribution of alternating current electric power using a system in which all the voltagesof the supply vary in unison.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Single-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;SoC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;State of charge&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;SoC&#039;&#039;&#039;) is the level of charge of an electric battery relative to its capacity.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:State_of_charge|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;SoH&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;State of health&#039;&#039;&#039; (SoH) is a figure of merit of the condition of a battery (or a cell, or a battery pack), compared to its ideal conditions. The units of SoH are percent points (100% = the battery&#039;s conditions match the battery&#039;s specifications).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:State_of_health|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= T =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Three-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|In a symmetric three-phase power supply system, three conductors each carry an alternating current of the same frequency and voltage amplitude relative to a common reference but with a phase difference of one third of a cycle between each.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Three-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= U =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= V =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VAC&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation for &amp;quot;volts AC&amp;quot;, where AC stands for &#039;alternating current&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Alternating_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VDC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VDC&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation for &amp;quot;volts DC.&amp;quot; DC stands for &amp;quot;direct current,&amp;quot; which means the &#039;&#039;&#039;voltage&#039;&#039;&#039; is constant (as opposed to AC, alternating current)&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Direct_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= W =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;STM32&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The STM32 family of 32-bit microcontrollers based on the Arm® Cortex®-M processor is designed to offer new degrees of freedom to MCU users. It offers products combining very high performance, real-time capabilities, digital signal processing, low-power / low-voltage operation, and connectivity, while maintaining full integration and ease of development.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:STM32|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= X =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Y =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Z =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= [0-9] =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;1 Phase Power&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|In electrical engineering, &#039;&#039;&#039;single-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039; is the distribution of alternating current electric power using a system in which all the voltagesof the supply vary in unison.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Single-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;3 Phase Power&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
|In a symmetric three-phase power supply system, three conductors each carry an alternating current of the same frequency and voltage amplitude relative to a common reference but with a phase difference of one third of a cycle between each.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Three-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=644</id>
		<title>Glossary of Terms</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=644"/>
		<updated>2020-05-22T13:59:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: /* S */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;A page to help to grips with the all the acronyms on the forums to get newbies up to speed and for general reference&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= A =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;AC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Alternating current&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;AC&#039;&#039;&#039;) is an electric current which periodically reverses direction, in contrast to direct current (DC) which flows only in one direction.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Alternating_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= B =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Battery Balancing&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Battery balancing&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;battery redistribution&#039;&#039;&#039; refer to techniques that improve the available capacity of a battery pack with multiple cells (usually in series) and increase each cell&#039;s longevity.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Battery_balancing|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;BMS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;battery management system&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;BMS&#039;&#039;&#039;) is any electronic system that manages a rechargeable battery (cell or battery pack), such as by protecting the battery from operating outside its safe operating area&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Battery_management_system|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;BOM&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Bill of Materials (BOM)&#039;&#039;&#039; is a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components, parts, and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Bill_of_materials|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Boost Converter&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;boost converter&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;step-up converter&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a DC-to-DC power converter that steps up voltage (while stepping down current) from its input (supply) to its output (load).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Boost_converter|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Buck Converter&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;buck converter&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;step-down converter&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a DC-to-DC power converter which steps down voltage (while stepping up current) from its input (supply) to its output (load).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Buck_converter|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= C =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CAN&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Controller Area Network&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;CAN bus&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a robust vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other&#039;s applications without a host computer.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CAN_bus|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CCS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The &#039;&#039;&#039;Combined Charging System&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;CCS&#039;&#039;&#039;) covers charging electric vehicles using the &#039;&#039;&#039;Combo 1&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;Combo 2&#039;&#039;&#039; connectors at up to 350 kilowatts. These two connectors are extensions of the Type 1 and Type 2 connectors, with two additional direct current (DC) contacts to allow high-power DC fast charging.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Combined_Charging_System|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CHAdeMO&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CHAdeMO&#039;&#039;&#039; is the trade name of a quick charging method for battery electric vehicles delivering up to 62.5 kW by 500 V, 125 A direct current via a special electrical connector.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CHAdeMO|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= D =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;DC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Direct current&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;DC&#039;&#039;&#039;) is the unidirectional flow of an electric charge. The electric current flows in a constant direction, distinguishing it from alternating current (AC).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Direct_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;DoD&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Depth of Discharge (DoD)&#039;&#039;&#039; is the fraction or percentage of the capacity which has been removed from the fully charged battery.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Depth_of_discharge|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= E =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;EVSE&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Electric vehicle supply equipment&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;EVSE&#039;&#039;&#039;), is an element in an infrastructure that supplies electric energy for the recharging of plug-in electric vehicles—including electric cars, neighborhood electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Charging_station|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= F =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;FOC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Field-Oriented Control (FOC)&#039;&#039;&#039;, is a variable-frequency drive (VFD) control method in which the stator currents of a three-phase AC electric motor are identified as two orthogonal components that can be visualized with a vector.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Vector_control_(motor)|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= G =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= H =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;HVDC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;high-voltage, direct current&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;HVDC&#039;&#039;&#039;) electric power transmission system&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:High-voltage_direct_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= I =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;IGBT&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|An &#039;&#039;&#039;insulated-gate bipolar transistor&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;IGBT&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily used as an electronic switch which, as it was developed, came to combine high efficiency and fast switching.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Insulated-gate_bipolar_transistor|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;power inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;, or &#039;&#039;&#039;inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;, is a power electronic device or circuitry that changes direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Power_inverter|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= J =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= K =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= L =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;LiFePO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The &#039;&#039;&#039;lithium iron phosphate battery&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;LiFePO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; battery&#039;&#039;&#039;) or &#039;&#039;&#039;LFP battery&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;lithium ferrophosphate&#039;&#039;), is a type of lithium-ion battery using LiFePO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; as the cathode material&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Lithium_iron_phosphate_battery|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= M =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= N =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= O =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;OEM&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|An &#039;&#039;&#039;original equipment manufacturer&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;OEM&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a company that produces parts and equipment for another manufacturer.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Original_equipment_manufacturer|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= P =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;PCB&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;printed circuit board&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;PCB&#039;&#039;&#039;) mechanically supports and electrically connects electrical or electronic components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto and/or between sheet layers of a non-conductivesubstrate.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Printed_circuit_board|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Power Factor&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The &#039;&#039;&#039;power factor&#039;&#039;&#039; of an AC electrical power system is defined as the ratio of the &#039;&#039;real power&#039;&#039; absorbed by the load to the &#039;&#039;apparent power&#039;&#039; flowing in the circuit, and is a dimensionless number in the closed interval of −1 to 1.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Power_factor|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Q =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= R =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= S =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;SDO&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|From CANopen, the SDO protocol is used for setting and for reading values from the object dictionary of a remote device. &lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CANopen#Service_Data_Object_(SDO)_protocol|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Single-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|In electrical engineering, &#039;&#039;&#039;single-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039; is the distribution of alternating current electric power using a system in which all the voltagesof the supply vary in unison.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Single-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;SoC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;State of charge&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;SoC&#039;&#039;&#039;) is the level of charge of an electric battery relative to its capacity.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:State_of_charge|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;SoH&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;State of health&#039;&#039;&#039; (SoH) is a figure of merit of the condition of a battery (or a cell, or a battery pack), compared to its ideal conditions. The units of SoH are percent points (100% = the battery&#039;s conditions match the battery&#039;s specifications).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:State_of_health|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= T =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Three-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|In a symmetric three-phase power supply system, three conductors each carry an alternating current of the same frequency and voltage amplitude relative to a common reference but with a phase difference of one third of a cycle between each.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Three-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= U =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= V =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VAC&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation for &amp;quot;volts AC&amp;quot;, where AC stands for &#039;alternating current&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Alternating_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VDC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VDC&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation for &amp;quot;volts DC.&amp;quot; DC stands for &amp;quot;direct current,&amp;quot; which means the &#039;&#039;&#039;voltage&#039;&#039;&#039; is constant (as opposed to AC, alternating current)&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Direct_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= W =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;STM32&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The STM32 family of 32-bit microcontrollers based on the Arm® Cortex®-M processor is designed to offer new degrees of freedom to MCU users. It offers products combining very high performance, real-time capabilities, digital signal processing, low-power / low-voltage operation, and connectivity, while maintaining full integration and ease of development.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:STM32|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= X =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Y =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Z =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= [0-9] =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;1 Phase Power&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|In electrical engineering, &#039;&#039;&#039;single-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039; is the distribution of alternating current electric power using a system in which all the voltagesof the supply vary in unison.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Single-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;3 Phase Power&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
|In a symmetric three-phase power supply system, three conductors each carry an alternating current of the same frequency and voltage amplitude relative to a common reference but with a phase difference of one third of a cycle between each.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Three-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=643</id>
		<title>Glossary of Terms</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=643"/>
		<updated>2020-05-22T12:22:40Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: /* O */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;A page to help to grips with the all the acronyms on the forums to get newbies up to speed and for general reference&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= A =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;AC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Alternating current&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;AC&#039;&#039;&#039;) is an electric current which periodically reverses direction, in contrast to direct current (DC) which flows only in one direction.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Alternating_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= B =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Battery Balancing&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Battery balancing&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;battery redistribution&#039;&#039;&#039; refer to techniques that improve the available capacity of a battery pack with multiple cells (usually in series) and increase each cell&#039;s longevity.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Battery_balancing|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;BMS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;battery management system&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;BMS&#039;&#039;&#039;) is any electronic system that manages a rechargeable battery (cell or battery pack), such as by protecting the battery from operating outside its safe operating area&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Battery_management_system|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;BOM&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Bill of Materials (BOM)&#039;&#039;&#039; is a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components, parts, and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Bill_of_materials|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Boost Converter&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;boost converter&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;step-up converter&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a DC-to-DC power converter that steps up voltage (while stepping down current) from its input (supply) to its output (load).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Boost_converter|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Buck Converter&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;buck converter&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;step-down converter&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a DC-to-DC power converter which steps down voltage (while stepping up current) from its input (supply) to its output (load).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Buck_converter|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= C =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CAN&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Controller Area Network&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;CAN bus&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a robust vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other&#039;s applications without a host computer.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CAN_bus|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CCS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The &#039;&#039;&#039;Combined Charging System&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;CCS&#039;&#039;&#039;) covers charging electric vehicles using the &#039;&#039;&#039;Combo 1&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;Combo 2&#039;&#039;&#039; connectors at up to 350 kilowatts. These two connectors are extensions of the Type 1 and Type 2 connectors, with two additional direct current (DC) contacts to allow high-power DC fast charging.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Combined_Charging_System|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CHAdeMO&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CHAdeMO&#039;&#039;&#039; is the trade name of a quick charging method for battery electric vehicles delivering up to 62.5 kW by 500 V, 125 A direct current via a special electrical connector.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CHAdeMO|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= D =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;DC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Direct current&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;DC&#039;&#039;&#039;) is the unidirectional flow of an electric charge. The electric current flows in a constant direction, distinguishing it from alternating current (AC).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Direct_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;DoD&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Depth of Discharge (DoD)&#039;&#039;&#039; is the fraction or percentage of the capacity which has been removed from the fully charged battery.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Depth_of_discharge|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= E =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;EVSE&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Electric vehicle supply equipment&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;EVSE&#039;&#039;&#039;), is an element in an infrastructure that supplies electric energy for the recharging of plug-in electric vehicles—including electric cars, neighborhood electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Charging_station|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= F =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;FOC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Field-Oriented Control (FOC)&#039;&#039;&#039;, is a variable-frequency drive (VFD) control method in which the stator currents of a three-phase AC electric motor are identified as two orthogonal components that can be visualized with a vector.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Vector_control_(motor)|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= G =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= H =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;HVDC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;high-voltage, direct current&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;HVDC&#039;&#039;&#039;) electric power transmission system&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:High-voltage_direct_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= I =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;IGBT&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|An &#039;&#039;&#039;insulated-gate bipolar transistor&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;IGBT&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily used as an electronic switch which, as it was developed, came to combine high efficiency and fast switching.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Insulated-gate_bipolar_transistor|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;power inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;, or &#039;&#039;&#039;inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;, is a power electronic device or circuitry that changes direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Power_inverter|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= J =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= K =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= L =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;LiFePO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The &#039;&#039;&#039;lithium iron phosphate battery&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;LiFePO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; battery&#039;&#039;&#039;) or &#039;&#039;&#039;LFP battery&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;lithium ferrophosphate&#039;&#039;), is a type of lithium-ion battery using LiFePO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; as the cathode material&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Lithium_iron_phosphate_battery|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= M =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= N =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= O =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;OEM&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|An &#039;&#039;&#039;original equipment manufacturer&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;OEM&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a company that produces parts and equipment for another manufacturer.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Original_equipment_manufacturer|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= P =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;PCB&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;printed circuit board&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;PCB&#039;&#039;&#039;) mechanically supports and electrically connects electrical or electronic components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto and/or between sheet layers of a non-conductivesubstrate.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Printed_circuit_board|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Power Factor&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The &#039;&#039;&#039;power factor&#039;&#039;&#039; of an AC electrical power system is defined as the ratio of the &#039;&#039;real power&#039;&#039; absorbed by the load to the &#039;&#039;apparent power&#039;&#039; flowing in the circuit, and is a dimensionless number in the closed interval of −1 to 1.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Power_factor|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Q =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= R =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= S =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Single-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|In electrical engineering, &#039;&#039;&#039;single-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039; is the distribution of alternating current electric power using a system in which all the voltagesof the supply vary in unison.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Single-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;SoC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;State of charge&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;SoC&#039;&#039;&#039;) is the level of charge of an electric battery relative to its capacity.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:State_of_charge|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;SoH&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;State of health&#039;&#039;&#039; (SoH) is a figure of merit of the condition of a battery (or a cell, or a battery pack), compared to its ideal conditions. The units of SoH are percent points (100% = the battery&#039;s conditions match the battery&#039;s specifications).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:State_of_health|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= T =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Three-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|In a symmetric three-phase power supply system, three conductors each carry an alternating current of the same frequency and voltage amplitude relative to a common reference but with a phase difference of one third of a cycle between each.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Three-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= U =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= V =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VAC&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation for &amp;quot;volts AC&amp;quot;, where AC stands for &#039;alternating current&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Alternating_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VDC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VDC&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation for &amp;quot;volts DC.&amp;quot; DC stands for &amp;quot;direct current,&amp;quot; which means the &#039;&#039;&#039;voltage&#039;&#039;&#039; is constant (as opposed to AC, alternating current)&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Direct_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= W =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;STM32&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The STM32 family of 32-bit microcontrollers based on the Arm® Cortex®-M processor is designed to offer new degrees of freedom to MCU users. It offers products combining very high performance, real-time capabilities, digital signal processing, low-power / low-voltage operation, and connectivity, while maintaining full integration and ease of development.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:STM32|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= X =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Y =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Z =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= [0-9] =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;1 Phase Power&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|In electrical engineering, &#039;&#039;&#039;single-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039; is the distribution of alternating current electric power using a system in which all the voltagesof the supply vary in unison.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Single-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;3 Phase Power&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
|In a symmetric three-phase power supply system, three conductors each carry an alternating current of the same frequency and voltage amplitude relative to a common reference but with a phase difference of one third of a cycle between each.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Three-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=642</id>
		<title>Glossary of Terms</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=642"/>
		<updated>2020-05-22T12:15:04Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;A page to help to grips with the all the acronyms on the forums to get newbies up to speed and for general reference&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= A =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;AC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Alternating current&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;AC&#039;&#039;&#039;) is an electric current which periodically reverses direction, in contrast to direct current (DC) which flows only in one direction.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Alternating_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= B =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Battery Balancing&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Battery balancing&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;battery redistribution&#039;&#039;&#039; refer to techniques that improve the available capacity of a battery pack with multiple cells (usually in series) and increase each cell&#039;s longevity.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Battery_balancing|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;BMS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;battery management system&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;BMS&#039;&#039;&#039;) is any electronic system that manages a rechargeable battery (cell or battery pack), such as by protecting the battery from operating outside its safe operating area&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Battery_management_system|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;BOM&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Bill of Materials (BOM)&#039;&#039;&#039; is a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components, parts, and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Bill_of_materials|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Boost Converter&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;boost converter&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;step-up converter&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a DC-to-DC power converter that steps up voltage (while stepping down current) from its input (supply) to its output (load).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Boost_converter|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Buck Converter&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;buck converter&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;step-down converter&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a DC-to-DC power converter which steps down voltage (while stepping up current) from its input (supply) to its output (load).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Buck_converter|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= C =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CAN&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Controller Area Network&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;CAN bus&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a robust vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other&#039;s applications without a host computer.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CAN_bus|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CCS&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The &#039;&#039;&#039;Combined Charging System&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;CCS&#039;&#039;&#039;) covers charging electric vehicles using the &#039;&#039;&#039;Combo 1&#039;&#039;&#039; and &#039;&#039;&#039;Combo 2&#039;&#039;&#039; connectors at up to 350 kilowatts. These two connectors are extensions of the Type 1 and Type 2 connectors, with two additional direct current (DC) contacts to allow high-power DC fast charging.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Combined_Charging_System|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CHAdeMO&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;CHAdeMO&#039;&#039;&#039; is the trade name of a quick charging method for battery electric vehicles delivering up to 62.5 kW by 500 V, 125 A direct current via a special electrical connector.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CHAdeMO|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= D =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;DC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Direct current&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;DC&#039;&#039;&#039;) is the unidirectional flow of an electric charge. The electric current flows in a constant direction, distinguishing it from alternating current (AC).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Direct_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;DoD&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Depth of Discharge (DoD)&#039;&#039;&#039; is the fraction or percentage of the capacity which has been removed from the fully charged battery.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Depth_of_discharge|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= E =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;EVSE&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Electric vehicle supply equipment&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;EVSE&#039;&#039;&#039;), is an element in an infrastructure that supplies electric energy for the recharging of plug-in electric vehicles—including electric cars, neighborhood electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Charging_station|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= F =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;FOC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Field-Oriented Control (FOC)&#039;&#039;&#039;, is a variable-frequency drive (VFD) control method in which the stator currents of a three-phase AC electric motor are identified as two orthogonal components that can be visualized with a vector.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Vector_control_(motor)|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= G =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= H =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;HVDC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;high-voltage, direct current&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;HVDC&#039;&#039;&#039;) electric power transmission system&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:High-voltage_direct_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= I =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;IGBT&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|An &#039;&#039;&#039;insulated-gate bipolar transistor&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;IGBT&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily used as an electronic switch which, as it was developed, came to combine high efficiency and fast switching.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Insulated-gate_bipolar_transistor|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;power inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;, or &#039;&#039;&#039;inverter&#039;&#039;&#039;, is a power electronic device or circuitry that changes direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Power_inverter|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= J =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= K =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= L =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;LiFePO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The &#039;&#039;&#039;lithium iron phosphate battery&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;LiFePO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; battery&#039;&#039;&#039;) or &#039;&#039;&#039;LFP battery&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;lithium ferrophosphate&#039;&#039;), is a type of lithium-ion battery using LiFePO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; as the cathode material&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Lithium_iron_phosphate_battery|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= M =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= N =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= O =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= P =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;PCB&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;printed circuit board&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;PCB&#039;&#039;&#039;) mechanically supports and electrically connects electrical or electronic components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto and/or between sheet layers of a non-conductivesubstrate.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Printed_circuit_board|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Power Factor&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The &#039;&#039;&#039;power factor&#039;&#039;&#039; of an AC electrical power system is defined as the ratio of the &#039;&#039;real power&#039;&#039; absorbed by the load to the &#039;&#039;apparent power&#039;&#039; flowing in the circuit, and is a dimensionless number in the closed interval of −1 to 1.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Power_factor|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Q =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= R =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= S =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Single-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|In electrical engineering, &#039;&#039;&#039;single-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039; is the distribution of alternating current electric power using a system in which all the voltagesof the supply vary in unison.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Single-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;SoC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;State of charge&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;SoC&#039;&#039;&#039;) is the level of charge of an electric battery relative to its capacity.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:State_of_charge|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;SoH&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;State of health&#039;&#039;&#039; (SoH) is a figure of merit of the condition of a battery (or a cell, or a battery pack), compared to its ideal conditions. The units of SoH are percent points (100% = the battery&#039;s conditions match the battery&#039;s specifications).&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:State_of_health|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= T =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Three-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|In a symmetric three-phase power supply system, three conductors each carry an alternating current of the same frequency and voltage amplitude relative to a common reference but with a phase difference of one third of a cycle between each.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Three-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= U =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= V =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VAC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VAC&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation for &amp;quot;volts AC&amp;quot;, where AC stands for &#039;alternating current&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Alternating_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VDC&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;VDC&#039;&#039;&#039; is an abbreviation for &amp;quot;volts DC.&amp;quot; DC stands for &amp;quot;direct current,&amp;quot; which means the &#039;&#039;&#039;voltage&#039;&#039;&#039; is constant (as opposed to AC, alternating current)&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Direct_current|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= W =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;STM32&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|The STM32 family of 32-bit microcontrollers based on the Arm® Cortex®-M processor is designed to offer new degrees of freedom to MCU users. It offers products combining very high performance, real-time capabilities, digital signal processing, low-power / low-voltage operation, and connectivity, while maintaining full integration and ease of development.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:STM32|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= X =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Y =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Z =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= [0-9] =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;1 Phase Power&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
|In electrical engineering, &#039;&#039;&#039;single-phase electric power&#039;&#039;&#039; is the distribution of alternating current electric power using a system in which all the voltagesof the supply vary in unison.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Single-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;3 Phase Power&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
|In a symmetric three-phase power supply system, three conductors each carry an alternating current of the same frequency and voltage amplitude relative to a common reference but with a phase difference of one third of a cycle between each.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Three-phase_electric_power|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=640</id>
		<title>Main Page Old</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=640"/>
		<updated>2020-05-21T15:16:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: /* OEM Parts */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Welcome to the openinverter.org Wiki Site.&lt;br /&gt;
Everyone registered at the forum can login here with the same username and password and can make changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Getting Started =&lt;br /&gt;
The open inverter project consists of three main aspects:&lt;br /&gt;
* Reference designs for the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[Main Board Version 3|control hardware]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; using an STM32F103&lt;br /&gt;
* The inverter firmware, which can control AC Induction motors or Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors &lt;br /&gt;
* An easy to use web interface.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are two variants available:&lt;br /&gt;
* Kit for use with your own power section. If you have received a kit you are probably looking for &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[Schematics and Instructions|build instructions]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
* Kit for use with &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[OEM_Repurposing|existing power sections]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, including &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[https://github.com/damienmaguire/ drop in boards for Tesla]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; small and large drive units.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you want to tune your inverter check the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[Parameters|parameter description]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Once you have the inverter parts, you will need additional components for your EV conversion:&lt;br /&gt;
* Motor&lt;br /&gt;
* Batteries&lt;br /&gt;
* Charger&lt;br /&gt;
* DC/DC Converter&lt;br /&gt;
* HV Junction Box&lt;br /&gt;
* Other various components&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
More detailed information on these items can be found on the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[EV Conversion Parts]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You might also want to set up &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[CAN communication|CAN communication]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or use the inverter as a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[Battery Charging|battery charger]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; also.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you need help with your EV conversion check out my &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;consulting offers&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, if you want to support the project &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;visit the shop&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, become a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Patron&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or send donations to paypal &#039;at&#039; johanneshuebner.com .&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
= FAQs =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Common Inverter FAQ]] - questions common to all hardware variants&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla Inverter FAQ]] - questions regarding Tesla Large Drive Units and Small Drive Units&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter Hardware =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Schematics and Instructions]] - for the &amp;quot;vanilla&amp;quot; inverter kit.&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Main Board Version 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Main Board Version 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Main Board Version 1]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Sense Boards]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Gate Driver]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[4-cell BMS]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Hardware Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Sensor Board|Legacy Sensor Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter Software =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Using FOC Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Downloads]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Features]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Battery Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Errors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN communication]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Parameters]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Configuration Files]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Software Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter CAN std. =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Introduction CAN STD|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN table CAN STD|CAN table]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Glossary of Terms =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Glossary of Terms]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Conversion Projects =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Legalities]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[VW Polo 86C Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Touran Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= OEM Parts =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[BMW]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Isabellenhütte Heusler]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nissan]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Toyota]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=639</id>
		<title>Glossary of Terms</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=639"/>
		<updated>2020-05-21T15:09:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: /* S */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;A page to help to grips with the all the acronyms on the forums to get newbies up to speed and for general reference&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= A =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= B =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|BOM&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Bill of Materials (BOM)&#039;&#039;&#039; is a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components, parts, and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Bill_of_materials|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= C =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|CAN&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Controller Area Network&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;CAN bus&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a robust vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other&#039;s applications without a host computer.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CAN_bus|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= D =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= E =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= F =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FOC&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Field-Oriented Control (FOC)&#039;&#039;&#039;, is a variable-frequency drive (VFD) control method in which the stator currents of a three-phase AC electric motor are identified as two orthogonal components that can be visualized with a vector.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Vector_control_(motor)|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= G =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= H =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= I =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|IGBT&lt;br /&gt;
|An &#039;&#039;&#039;insulated-gate bipolar transistor&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;IGBT&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily used as an electronic switch which, as it was developed, came to combine high efficiency and fast switching.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Insulated-gate_bipolar_transistor|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= J =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= K =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= L =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= M =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= N =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= O =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= P =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Q =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= R =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= S =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= T =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= U =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= V =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= W =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|STM32&lt;br /&gt;
|The STM32 family of 32-bit microcontrollers based on the Arm® Cortex®-M processor is designed to offer new degrees of freedom to MCU users. It offers products combining very high performance, real-time capabilities, digital signal processing, low-power / low-voltage operation, and connectivity, while maintaining full integration and ease of development.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:STM32|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= X =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Y =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Z =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= [0-9] =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=637</id>
		<title>Glossary of Terms</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=637"/>
		<updated>2020-05-21T14:33:44Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: /* Q */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;A page to help to grips with the all the acronyms on the forums to get newbies up to speed and for general reference&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= A =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= B =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|BOM&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Bill of Materials (BOM)&#039;&#039;&#039; is a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components, parts, and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Bill_of_materials|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= C =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|CAN&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Controller Area Network&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;CAN bus&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a robust vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other&#039;s applications without a host computer.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CAN_bus|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= D =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= E =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= F =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FOC&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Field-Oriented Control (FOC)&#039;&#039;&#039;, is a variable-frequency drive (VFD) control method in which the stator currents of a three-phase AC electric motor are identified as two orthogonal components that can be visualized with a vector.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Vector_control_(motor)|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= G =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= H =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= I =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|IGBT&lt;br /&gt;
|An &#039;&#039;&#039;insulated-gate bipolar transistor&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;IGBT&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily used as an electronic switch which, as it was developed, came to combine high efficiency and fast switching.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Insulated-gate_bipolar_transistor|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= J =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= K =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= L =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= M =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= N =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= O =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= P =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Q =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= R =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= S =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= T =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= U =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= V =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= W =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= X =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Y =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Z =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= [0-9] =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=636</id>
		<title>Glossary of Terms</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=636"/>
		<updated>2020-05-21T14:30:26Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: Building out page&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;A page to help to grips with the all the acronyms on the forums to get newbies up to speed and for general reference&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= A =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= B =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|BOM&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Bill of Materials (BOM)&#039;&#039;&#039; is a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components, parts, and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Bill_of_materials|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= C =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|CAN&lt;br /&gt;
|A &#039;&#039;&#039;Controller Area Network&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;CAN bus&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a robust vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other&#039;s applications without a host computer.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:CAN_bus|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= D =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= E =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= F =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|FOC&lt;br /&gt;
|&#039;&#039;&#039;Field-Oriented Control (FOC)&#039;&#039;&#039;, is a variable-frequency drive (VFD) control method in which the stator currents of a three-phase AC electric motor are identified as two orthogonal components that can be visualized with a vector.&lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Vector_control_(motor)|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= G =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= H =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= I =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|IGBT&lt;br /&gt;
|An &#039;&#039;&#039;insulated-gate bipolar transistor&#039;&#039;&#039; (&#039;&#039;&#039;IGBT&#039;&#039;&#039;) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily used as an electronic switch which, as it was developed, came to combine high efficiency and fast switching. &lt;br /&gt;
|[[wikipedia:Insulated-gate_bipolar_transistor|Link]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= J =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= K =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= L =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= M =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= N =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= O =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= P =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym / Term&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Q =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= R =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= S =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= T =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= U =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= V =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= W =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= X =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Y =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Z =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= [0-9] =&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=635</id>
		<title>Glossary of Terms</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=635"/>
		<updated>2020-05-21T14:11:11Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;A page to help to grips with the all the acronyms on the forums to get newbies up to speed and for general reference&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= A =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= B =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= C =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= D =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= E =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= F =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= G =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= H =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= I =&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|+&lt;br /&gt;
!Acronym&lt;br /&gt;
!Expanded Acronym&lt;br /&gt;
!Description&lt;br /&gt;
!&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|IGBT&lt;br /&gt;
|Insulated-gate bipolar transistor&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= J =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= K =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= L =&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
= N =&lt;br /&gt;
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= P =&lt;br /&gt;
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= Q =&lt;br /&gt;
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= R =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= S =&lt;br /&gt;
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= T =&lt;br /&gt;
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= U =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= V =&lt;br /&gt;
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= W =&lt;br /&gt;
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= X =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Y =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Z =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= [0-9] =&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=634</id>
		<title>Main Page Old</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page_Old&amp;diff=634"/>
		<updated>2020-05-21T14:00:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Welcome to the openinverter.org Wiki Site.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Everyone registered at the forum can login here with the same username and password and can make changes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The open inverter project consists of some reference designs for the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[Main Board Version 3|control hardware]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; using an STM32F103, the inverter firmware, and an easy to use web interface. Other hardware variants include &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[https://github.com/damienmaguire/ drop in boards for Tesla]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; small and large drive units.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you have received a kit you are probably looking for &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[Schematics and Instructions|build instructions]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you want to tune your inverter check the &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[Parameters|parameter description]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You might also want to set up &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[CAN communication|CAN communication]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or use the inverter as a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;[[Battery Charging|battery charger]]&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; also.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If you need help with your EV conversion check out my &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;consulting offers&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, if you want to support the project &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;visit the shop&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt;, become a &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;Patron&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; or send donations to paypal &#039;at&#039; johanneshuebner.com .&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
= General =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Common Inverter FAQ]] - questions common to all hardware variants&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla Inverter FAQ]] - questions regarding Tesla Large Drive Units and Small Drive Units&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter Hardware =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Main Board Version 3]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Main Board Version 2]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Main Board Version 1]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Sense Boards]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Gate Driver]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[4-cell BMS]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Hardware Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Sensor Board|Legacy Sensor Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter Software =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Software Theory of Operation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN communication]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Web Interface]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Parameters]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Downloads]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Errors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Configuration Files]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Battery Charging]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Features]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter Kits =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Using FOC Software]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Schematics and Instructions]] - for the &amp;quot;vanilla&amp;quot; inverter kit.&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nissan Leaf Gen2 Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Toyota Prius Gen2 Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Toyota Prius Gen3 Board]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Lexus GS450h Inverter]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter CAN std. =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Introduction CAN STD|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[CAN table CAN STD|CAN table]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Open Inverter Tesla Boards =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Introduction Tesla|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Files Tesla|Schematics, pcb layouts, BOMs and Gerber files]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Where to buy Tesla|Where to buy]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Support forum Tesla|Support forum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Trouble Shooting|Trouble Shooting]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Setup FAQ|Tesla setup FAQ]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Ford Ranger TIM inverter =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Introduction TIM|Introduction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Schematics and connector pinout]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Modifications to original wiring]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://openinverter.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=16&amp;amp;t=186#p2349 Hardware installation]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://openinverter.org/shop/index.php?route=product/product&amp;amp;product_id=59 Where to buy]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Conversion Projects =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Legalities]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[VW Polo 86C Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Touran Conversion]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= OEM Parts =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Isabellenhütte Heusler]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nissan]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Glossary of Terms =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Glossary of Terms]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=633</id>
		<title>Glossary of Terms</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://openinverter.org/wiki/index.php?title=Glossary_of_Terms&amp;diff=633"/>
		<updated>2020-05-21T13:59:38Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;4markowen: Created page with &amp;quot;A page to help to grips with the all the acronyms on the forums to get newbies up to speed and for general reference  = A =  = B =  = C =  = D =  = E =  = F =  = G =  = H =  =...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;A page to help to grips with the all the acronyms on the forums to get newbies up to speed and for general reference&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= A =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= B =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= C =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= D =&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
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= Q =&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;
= Z =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= [0-9] =&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>4markowen</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>